Risk factors associated with the development of penile neoplasms

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Marcos Vitor Batista de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Morais, Wygor Bruno e Silva, Oliveira, Francisco Braz Milanez, Silva, Wenderson Costa da, e Silva Lemos, Lanna Marcella
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Research, Society and Development
• Texto Completo: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/1937
• topic: Cancer penis; Man; Population at risk; Interventions.; Câncer pênis; Homem; População em risco; Intervenções.; Pene de cáncer; Hombre; Población en riesgo; Intervenciones.

The aim of this study was to analyze the main risk factors associated with the development of penile cancer. This is an integrative literature review, which asked the following non-clinical question: "What are the risk factors associated with the development of penile cancer?". Regarding the results, the seven studies included in this review were in the English language (100%). Most publications were concentrated in 2016 (3 / 42.8%), and there was a predominance of studies conducted in the United States (3 / 42.8%). Regarding the nature of the study, there was a prevalence of cohort and cross-sectional studies (4 / 57.1%). The main line of research investigated in this theme was about the risk factors for the development of penile cancer. Among the main factors were young, single patients living in rural areas, excessive alcohol consumption, with specific initial symptoms, low level of education and low disposable income. Other factors include lack of circumcision, poor instruction, and poor genital hygiene, the presence of phimosis, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, sexually transmitted diseases, and smoking. This leads to complications such as papules, persistent ulcer or even a tumor located in the glans, foreskin, coronal sulcus, penile body, frenulum and urethral meatus. All of these risk factors are related and include the socioeconomic factor. But what draws the most attention is the fact that there is a close association between these issues and occupy a prominent role when analyzing the clinical, cultural and epidemiological profile of these patients.