Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Research, Society and Development |
Texto Completo: | https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16441 |
Resumo: | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a degenerative neuromuscular disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. The state of motor and functional impairment resulting from the progression of the disease exposes them to a possibly fatal risk in the case of infection by SARS-CoV-2, especially due to the severe pulmonary involvement, characteristic of the advancement of the degenerative pathology in question. In this review, we list the main associative mechanisms between the disease and COVID-19, highlighting, mainly, the neuroinvasive viral aspects. The study is a qualitative descriptive research, carried out through a narrative review of the literature. The literature on the new coronavirus has demonstrated the viral neuroinvasion and neurotropic capacity of SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the evidence proves that infection is not restricted to the respiratory tract, which is the primary site of the infection. Based on the findings, it is proposed that there are three viable scenarios on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 and neuroinvasion: (1) direct induction of neurological changes; (2) worsening of previously installed neurological conditions; and (3) increased susceptibility or deterioration of damage caused by other injuries, in this case, considering ALS patients. It is concluded that there is a possibility of a latent period of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS. Thus, it is crucial to observe subsequent neurological symptoms in the individual, resulting from viral reactivation, resulting in continuous progression of the neuroinflammatory processes associated with ALS. The neuroinvasive and neurotropic capacities of the virus must also be observed in the long term to elucidate whether neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS, confer direct vulnerability to COVID-19. |
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Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Neurotropismo del SARS-CoV-2: Posibles impactos del COVID-19 en pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotróficaNeurotropismo de SARS-CoV-2: Possíveis impactos da COVID-19 em portadores de Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica Alterações neurológicasDoenças neuromuscularesEsclerose lateral amiotróficaSARS-CoV-2Inflamação.Cambios neurológicosEnfermedades neuromuscularesEsclerosis lateral amiotróficaSARS-CoV-2Inflamación.Neurological alterationsNeuromuscular diseasesAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisSARS-CoV-2Inflammation.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a degenerative neuromuscular disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. The state of motor and functional impairment resulting from the progression of the disease exposes them to a possibly fatal risk in the case of infection by SARS-CoV-2, especially due to the severe pulmonary involvement, characteristic of the advancement of the degenerative pathology in question. In this review, we list the main associative mechanisms between the disease and COVID-19, highlighting, mainly, the neuroinvasive viral aspects. The study is a qualitative descriptive research, carried out through a narrative review of the literature. The literature on the new coronavirus has demonstrated the viral neuroinvasion and neurotropic capacity of SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the evidence proves that infection is not restricted to the respiratory tract, which is the primary site of the infection. Based on the findings, it is proposed that there are three viable scenarios on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 and neuroinvasion: (1) direct induction of neurological changes; (2) worsening of previously installed neurological conditions; and (3) increased susceptibility or deterioration of damage caused by other injuries, in this case, considering ALS patients. It is concluded that there is a possibility of a latent period of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS. Thus, it is crucial to observe subsequent neurological symptoms in the individual, resulting from viral reactivation, resulting in continuous progression of the neuroinflammatory processes associated with ALS. The neuroinvasive and neurotropic capacities of the virus must also be observed in the long term to elucidate whether neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS, confer direct vulnerability to COVID-19.La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica es una enfermedad neuromuscular degenerativa que afecta a las neuronas motoras superiores e inferiores. El estado de debilitamiento motor y funcional resultante de la progresión de la enfermedad les expone a un riesgo posiblemente mortal en caso de infección por el SARS-CoV-2, especialmente debido a la grave afectación pulmonar, característica de la progresión de la patología degenerativa en cuestión. En esta revisión, enumeramos los principales mecanismos de asociación entre la enfermedad y la COVID-19, destacando principalmente los aspectos virales neuroinvasivos. El estudio se basa en una investigación cualitativa descriptiva, realizada mediante una revisión narrativa de la literatura. La literatura sobre el nuevo coronavirus ha demostrado la capacidad viral de neuroinvasión y neurotrópica del SARS-CoV-2. Actualmente, la evidencia prueba que la infección no se limita al tracto respiratorio, que es el sitio principal de la infección. Basándonos en los hallazgos, proponemos la existencia de tres escenarios viables en el impacto del SARS-CoV-2 y la neuroinvasión: (1) inducción, de forma directa, a alteraciones neurológicas; (2) empeoramiento de condiciones neurológicas previamente instaladas; y (3) aumento de la susceptibilidad o del deterioro de daños causados por otras lesiones, en este caso, considerando a los portadores de ELA. Concluimos que existe la posibilidad de un periodo de latencia del SARS-CoV-2 en el SNC. Por lo tanto, es crucial observar los síntomas neurológicos subsiguientes en el individuo, resultantes de la reactivación viral, lo que resulta en la progresión continua de los procesos neuroinflamatorios asociados con la ELA. La capacidad neuroinvasiva y neurotrópica del virus también debería observarse a largo plazo para dilucidar si las enfermedades neurodegenerativas como la ELA confieren una vulnerabilidad directa a COVID-19.A esclerose lateral amiotrófica é uma doença neuromuscular degenerativa que acomete os neurônios motores superiores e inferiores. O estado de debilitação motora e funcional decorrente da progressão da doença os expõe a um risco possivelmente fatal no caso de infeção pelo SARS-CoV-2, especialmente devido ao severo acometimento pulmonar, característico do avanço da patologia degenerativa em questão. Nesta revisão, elencamos os principais mecanismos associativos entre a doença e a COVID-19, destacando, principalmente, os aspectos virais neuroinvasivos. O estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, realizada mediante revisão narrativa da literatura. A literatura acerca do novo coronavírus tem demonstrado a capacidade viral de neuroinvasão e neurotrópica do SARS-CoV-2. Atualmente, as evidências comprovam que a infecção não é restrita ao trato respiratório, o qual é o sítio primário da infecção. Com base nos achados, propõe-se a existência de três cenários viáveis no impacto do SARS-CoV-2 e a neuroinvasão: (1) indução, de forma direta, às alterações neurológicas; (2) agravamento de condições neurológicas previamente instaladas; e (3) aumento na susceptibilidade ou da deterioração de danos provocados por outras injúrias, nesse caso, considerando os portadores de ELA. Conclui-se que existe a possibilidade de um período latente do SARS-CoV-2 no SNC. Dessa forma, é crucial a observação de sintomas neurológicos posteriores no individuo, decorrentes da reativação viral, resultando em progressão continua dos processos neuroinflamatórios associados à ELA. As capacidades neuroinvasivas e neurotrópicas do vírus também devem ser observadas em longo prazo para elucidar se as doenças neurodegenerativas, como a ELA conferem vulnerabilidade direta a COVID-19.Research, Society and Development2021-06-21info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/1644110.33448/rsd-v10i7.16441Research, Society and Development; Vol. 10 No. 7; e28310716441Research, Society and Development; Vol. 10 Núm. 7; e28310716441Research, Society and Development; v. 10 n. 7; e283107164412525-3409reponame:Research, Society and Developmentinstname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)instacron:UNIFEIporhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16441/14788Copyright (c) 2021 Nayane Soares de Lima; Caroline Christine Pincela da Costa; Angela Adamski da Silva Reis; Rodrigo da Silva Santoshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLima, Nayane Soares de Costa, Caroline Christine Pincela da Reis, Angela Adamski da Silva Santos, Rodrigo da Silva 2021-07-18T21:07:03Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/16441Revistahttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/indexPUBhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/oairsd.articles@gmail.com2525-34092525-3409opendoar:2024-01-17T09:36:59.481946Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Neurotropismo del SARS-CoV-2: Posibles impactos del COVID-19 en pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica Neurotropismo de SARS-CoV-2: Possíveis impactos da COVID-19 em portadores de Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica |
title |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
spellingShingle |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Lima, Nayane Soares de Alterações neurológicas Doenças neuromusculares Esclerose lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamação. Cambios neurológicos Enfermedades neuromusculares Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamación. Neurological alterations Neuromuscular diseases Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SARS-CoV-2 Inflammation. |
title_short |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
title_full |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
title_fullStr |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
title_sort |
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2: Possible impacts of COVID-19 in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
author |
Lima, Nayane Soares de |
author_facet |
Lima, Nayane Soares de Costa, Caroline Christine Pincela da Reis, Angela Adamski da Silva Santos, Rodrigo da Silva |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Costa, Caroline Christine Pincela da Reis, Angela Adamski da Silva Santos, Rodrigo da Silva |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Nayane Soares de Costa, Caroline Christine Pincela da Reis, Angela Adamski da Silva Santos, Rodrigo da Silva |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Alterações neurológicas Doenças neuromusculares Esclerose lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamação. Cambios neurológicos Enfermedades neuromusculares Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamación. Neurological alterations Neuromuscular diseases Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SARS-CoV-2 Inflammation. |
topic |
Alterações neurológicas Doenças neuromusculares Esclerose lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamação. Cambios neurológicos Enfermedades neuromusculares Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica SARS-CoV-2 Inflamación. Neurological alterations Neuromuscular diseases Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SARS-CoV-2 Inflammation. |
description |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a degenerative neuromuscular disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. The state of motor and functional impairment resulting from the progression of the disease exposes them to a possibly fatal risk in the case of infection by SARS-CoV-2, especially due to the severe pulmonary involvement, characteristic of the advancement of the degenerative pathology in question. In this review, we list the main associative mechanisms between the disease and COVID-19, highlighting, mainly, the neuroinvasive viral aspects. The study is a qualitative descriptive research, carried out through a narrative review of the literature. The literature on the new coronavirus has demonstrated the viral neuroinvasion and neurotropic capacity of SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the evidence proves that infection is not restricted to the respiratory tract, which is the primary site of the infection. Based on the findings, it is proposed that there are three viable scenarios on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 and neuroinvasion: (1) direct induction of neurological changes; (2) worsening of previously installed neurological conditions; and (3) increased susceptibility or deterioration of damage caused by other injuries, in this case, considering ALS patients. It is concluded that there is a possibility of a latent period of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS. Thus, it is crucial to observe subsequent neurological symptoms in the individual, resulting from viral reactivation, resulting in continuous progression of the neuroinflammatory processes associated with ALS. The neuroinvasive and neurotropic capacities of the virus must also be observed in the long term to elucidate whether neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS, confer direct vulnerability to COVID-19. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-21 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16441 10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16441 |
url |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16441 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16441 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16441/14788 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development; Vol. 10 No. 7; e28310716441 Research, Society and Development; Vol. 10 Núm. 7; e28310716441 Research, Society and Development; v. 10 n. 7; e28310716441 2525-3409 reponame:Research, Society and Development instname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) instacron:UNIFEI |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) |
instacron_str |
UNIFEI |
institution |
UNIFEI |
reponame_str |
Research, Society and Development |
collection |
Research, Society and Development |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
rsd.articles@gmail.com |
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1797052679781875712 |