Cytogenotoxic potential of Terminalia actinophylla (Mart.) bark in Allium cepa L.

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Francisca Mairana Silva de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Araujo, José Rafael da Silva, Couto, Luciana Maria Fortes Castelo Branco, Sousa, Regina Maria Silva, Oliveira, Maria das Dores Alves, Costa Júnior, Joaquim Soares da, Martins, Francielle Aline, Almeida, Pedro Marcos de
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Research, Society and Development
• Texto Completo: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/7322
• topic: Alteraciones cromosómicas; Ciclo celular; Daño en el DNA; Extracto etanólico; Índice mitótico.; Alterações cromossômicas; Ciclo celular; Dano ao DNA; Extrato etanólico; Índice mitótico.; Cell cycle; Chromosomal alterations; DNA damage; Ethanolic extract; Mitotic index.

Terminalia actinophylla (Mart), commonly known as "chapada", is used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea, diabetes and anti-inflammatory. However, studies on its toxicity are still incipient. The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the phytochemical profile and the cytogenotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract of the T. actinophylla bark using the Allium cepa L. seed. Seeds of A. cepa were subjected to different extract concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL), a negative control (NC - distilled water) as well as trifluralin (PC - positive control), during 24 h of exposure. The phytochemical profile of the extract was obtained to identify the main secondary metabolites. The cytotoxicity (mitotic index) and the genotoxicity (chromosomal alterations) were analyzed by means of the collection of 5,000 meristematic cells. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). The phytochemicals present in the extract were tannins, saponins and reducing sugars. Only the lowest concentration (1.25 mg/ml) of T. actinophylla was cytotoxic in comparison with NC. There was a significant increase in the total average of chromosomal changes to lower concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 mg/ml) compared to NC. Probably, phytochemicals in the extract interfere with the cell cycle and cause DNA damage in A. cepa in lower concentrations. However, if bad studies must be carried out on mammals, since the extract with medicinal purpose can have harmful effects on the organism.