Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Research, Society and Development |
Texto Completo: | https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34811 |
Resumo: | Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreas that occurs suddenly. In pancreatitis, digestive enzymes, which should be released into the digestive tract, end up damaging the pancreas itself and other adjacent organs, causing tissue self-digestion. There are many causes of acute pancreatitis. Most cases are secondary to biliary diseases, such as gallstones (including microlithiasis), or excessive alcohol intake (which accounts for 80 to 90% of cases). The main symptom of acute pancreatitis is abdominal pain, and this clinical manifestation is of great variability and can present as a mild and self-limited discomfort to intense, constant and disabling suffering. In typical cases, the pain will be located in the epigastrium and in the periumbilical region, and may radiate to the back, chest, flanks and lower parts of the abdomen (severe, band-like pain radiating to the back). In addition, some cutaneous signs can be observed, such as Grey-Turner's Sign, Cullen's Sign, Panniculitis and Fox's Sign. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is defined by the presence of at least two of the three primary characteristics, which are clinical presentation, changes in laboratory tests, and changes in imaging tests. Laboratory tests consist of the analysis of serum amylase and lipase levels. Within a few hours of the onset of symptoms, the levels of these enzymes increase. Increases greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal levels of these enzymes are the recommended ceiling for diagnosis. In addition, imaging tests that may be requested are abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. |
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Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosisPancreatitis aguda: fisiopatología, hallazgos imagenológicos, manifestaciones clínicas y diagnósticoPancreatite aguda: fisiopatologia, achados imagenológicos, manifestações clínicas e diagnósticoAcute pancreatitisEnzymesGrey-Turner signAmylase.Pancreatite agudaEnzimasSinal de Grey-TurnerAmilase. Pancreatitis agudaEnzimasSigno de Grey-TurnerAmilasa.Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreas that occurs suddenly. In pancreatitis, digestive enzymes, which should be released into the digestive tract, end up damaging the pancreas itself and other adjacent organs, causing tissue self-digestion. There are many causes of acute pancreatitis. Most cases are secondary to biliary diseases, such as gallstones (including microlithiasis), or excessive alcohol intake (which accounts for 80 to 90% of cases). The main symptom of acute pancreatitis is abdominal pain, and this clinical manifestation is of great variability and can present as a mild and self-limited discomfort to intense, constant and disabling suffering. In typical cases, the pain will be located in the epigastrium and in the periumbilical region, and may radiate to the back, chest, flanks and lower parts of the abdomen (severe, band-like pain radiating to the back). In addition, some cutaneous signs can be observed, such as Grey-Turner's Sign, Cullen's Sign, Panniculitis and Fox's Sign. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is defined by the presence of at least two of the three primary characteristics, which are clinical presentation, changes in laboratory tests, and changes in imaging tests. Laboratory tests consist of the analysis of serum amylase and lipase levels. Within a few hours of the onset of symptoms, the levels of these enzymes increase. Increases greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal levels of these enzymes are the recommended ceiling for diagnosis. In addition, imaging tests that may be requested are abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.La pancreatitis aguda es un proceso inflamatorio del páncreas que ocurre repentinamente. En la pancreatitis, las enzimas digestivas, que deberían ser liberadas en el tubo digestivo, acaban dañando el propio páncreas y otros órganos adyacentes, provocando la autodigestión de los tejidos. Hay muchas causas de pancreatitis aguda. La mayoría de los casos son secundarios a enfermedades biliares, como cálculos biliares (incluida la microlitiasis) o ingesta excesiva de alcohol (que representan del 80 al 90% de los casos). El síntoma principal de la pancreatitis aguda es el dolor abdominal, y esta manifestación clínica es de gran variabilidad y puede presentarse desde un malestar leve y autolimitado hasta un sufrimiento intenso, constante e incapacitante. En los casos típicos, el dolor se ubicará en el epigastrio y en la región periumbilical, y puede irradiarse a la espalda, el pecho, los flancos y las partes bajas del abdomen (dolor intenso en forma de banda que se irradia a la espalda). Además, se pueden observar algunos signos cutáneos, como el signo de Grey-Turner, el signo de Cullen, la paniculitis y el signo de Fox. El diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda se define por la presencia de al menos dos de las tres características principales, que son presentación clínica, cambios en las pruebas de laboratorio y cambios en las pruebas de imagen. Las pruebas de laboratorio consisten en el análisis de los niveles séricos de amilasa y lipasa. A las pocas horas de la aparición de los síntomas, los niveles de estas enzimas aumentan. Los aumentos superiores a 3 veces el límite superior de los niveles normales de estas enzimas son el techo recomendado para el diagnóstico. Además, las pruebas de imagen que se pueden solicitar son la ecografía abdominal, la tomografía computarizada o la resonancia magnética.A pancreatite aguda é um processo inflamatório do pâncreas que ocorre de maneira súbita. Na pancreatite, as enzimas digestivas, que deveriam ser liberadas no trato digestivo, acabam por danificar o próprio pâncreas e outros órgãos adjacentes, ao provocar uma autodigestão tecidual. Existem muitas causas de pancreatite aguda. A maioria dos casos é secundária a doenças biliares, como litíase biliar (incluindo microlitíase), ou ingesta excessiva de álcool (sendo esses responsáveis por 80 a 90% dos casos). O principal sintoma de pancreatite aguda é a dor abdominal, sendo que essa manifestação clínica é de grande variabilidade e pode se apresentar como um desconforto leve e autolimitado a um sofrimento intenso, constante e incapacitante. Nos casos típicos, a dor irá se localizar no epigástrio e na região periumbilical, podendo apresentar irradiação para o dorso, tórax, flancos e partes inferiores do abdome (dor intensa, em faixa, com irradiação para o dorso). Além disso, alguns sinais cutâneos podem ser observados, como o Sinal de Grey-Turner, Sinal de Cullen, Paniculite e Sinal de Fox. O diagnóstico de pancreatite aguda é definido pela presença de pelo menos duas das três características primárias, sendo elas apresentação clínica, alterações nos exames laboratoriais, e alterações nos exames de imagem. Os exames laboratoriais consistem na análise dos níveis de amilase e lipase sérica. Dentro de poucas horas após o início dos sintomas, ocorre o aumento dos níveis dessas enzimas. Aumentos superiores a 3 vezes o limite superior dos níveis normais dessas enzimas são o teto recomendado para o diagnóstico. Ademais, os exames de imagem que podem ser solicitados são ultrassonografia abdominal, tomografia computadorizada ou ressonância magnética.Research, Society and Development2022-09-19info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/3481110.33448/rsd-v11i12.34811Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 No. 12; e427111234811Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 Núm. 12; e427111234811Research, Society and Development; v. 11 n. 12; e4271112348112525-3409reponame:Research, Society and Developmentinstname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)instacron:UNIFEIporhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34811/29234Copyright (c) 2022 Francisco Edes da Silva Pinheiro; Bárbara Queiroz de Figueiredo; Paulo da Costa Araújo; Camilla Ariete Vitorino Dias Soares; Cobias Amorim Ghidetti; Felipe Vasconcelos do Carmo; Gustavo Galvão de Barros; Hygor Regadas Barros Souza; Jaçone Pereira Santiago Martins; Jordana Ferreira de Britohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPinheiro, Francisco Edes da SilvaFigueiredo, Bárbara Queiroz de Araújo, Paulo da CostaSoares, Camilla Ariete Vitorino DiasGhidetti, Cobias AmorimCarmo, Felipe Vasconcelos do Barros, Gustavo Galvão de Souza, Hygor Regadas BarrosMartins, Jaçone Pereira Santiago Brito, Jordana Ferreira de 2022-09-26T11:56:08Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/34811Revistahttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/indexPUBhttps://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/oairsd.articles@gmail.com2525-34092525-3409opendoar:2024-01-17T09:49:57.923488Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis Pancreatitis aguda: fisiopatología, hallazgos imagenológicos, manifestaciones clínicas y diagnóstico Pancreatite aguda: fisiopatologia, achados imagenológicos, manifestações clínicas e diagnóstico |
title |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
spellingShingle |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis Pinheiro, Francisco Edes da Silva Acute pancreatitis Enzymes Grey-Turner sign Amylase. Pancreatite aguda Enzimas Sinal de Grey-Turner Amilase. Pancreatitis aguda Enzimas Signo de Grey-Turner Amilasa. |
title_short |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
title_full |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
title_fullStr |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
title_sort |
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology, imaging findings, clinical manifestations and diagnosis |
author |
Pinheiro, Francisco Edes da Silva |
author_facet |
Pinheiro, Francisco Edes da Silva Figueiredo, Bárbara Queiroz de Araújo, Paulo da Costa Soares, Camilla Ariete Vitorino Dias Ghidetti, Cobias Amorim Carmo, Felipe Vasconcelos do Barros, Gustavo Galvão de Souza, Hygor Regadas Barros Martins, Jaçone Pereira Santiago Brito, Jordana Ferreira de |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Figueiredo, Bárbara Queiroz de Araújo, Paulo da Costa Soares, Camilla Ariete Vitorino Dias Ghidetti, Cobias Amorim Carmo, Felipe Vasconcelos do Barros, Gustavo Galvão de Souza, Hygor Regadas Barros Martins, Jaçone Pereira Santiago Brito, Jordana Ferreira de |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pinheiro, Francisco Edes da Silva Figueiredo, Bárbara Queiroz de Araújo, Paulo da Costa Soares, Camilla Ariete Vitorino Dias Ghidetti, Cobias Amorim Carmo, Felipe Vasconcelos do Barros, Gustavo Galvão de Souza, Hygor Regadas Barros Martins, Jaçone Pereira Santiago Brito, Jordana Ferreira de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Acute pancreatitis Enzymes Grey-Turner sign Amylase. Pancreatite aguda Enzimas Sinal de Grey-Turner Amilase. Pancreatitis aguda Enzimas Signo de Grey-Turner Amilasa. |
topic |
Acute pancreatitis Enzymes Grey-Turner sign Amylase. Pancreatite aguda Enzimas Sinal de Grey-Turner Amilase. Pancreatitis aguda Enzimas Signo de Grey-Turner Amilasa. |
description |
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreas that occurs suddenly. In pancreatitis, digestive enzymes, which should be released into the digestive tract, end up damaging the pancreas itself and other adjacent organs, causing tissue self-digestion. There are many causes of acute pancreatitis. Most cases are secondary to biliary diseases, such as gallstones (including microlithiasis), or excessive alcohol intake (which accounts for 80 to 90% of cases). The main symptom of acute pancreatitis is abdominal pain, and this clinical manifestation is of great variability and can present as a mild and self-limited discomfort to intense, constant and disabling suffering. In typical cases, the pain will be located in the epigastrium and in the periumbilical region, and may radiate to the back, chest, flanks and lower parts of the abdomen (severe, band-like pain radiating to the back). In addition, some cutaneous signs can be observed, such as Grey-Turner's Sign, Cullen's Sign, Panniculitis and Fox's Sign. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is defined by the presence of at least two of the three primary characteristics, which are clinical presentation, changes in laboratory tests, and changes in imaging tests. Laboratory tests consist of the analysis of serum amylase and lipase levels. Within a few hours of the onset of symptoms, the levels of these enzymes increase. Increases greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal levels of these enzymes are the recommended ceiling for diagnosis. In addition, imaging tests that may be requested are abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-09-19 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34811 10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34811 |
url |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34811 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34811 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/34811/29234 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 No. 12; e427111234811 Research, Society and Development; Vol. 11 Núm. 12; e427111234811 Research, Society and Development; v. 11 n. 12; e427111234811 2525-3409 reponame:Research, Society and Development instname:Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) instacron:UNIFEI |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) |
instacron_str |
UNIFEI |
institution |
UNIFEI |
reponame_str |
Research, Society and Development |
collection |
Research, Society and Development |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Research, Society and Development - Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
rsd.articles@gmail.com |
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1797052771994697728 |