Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Schwantes, Daniel
Data de Publicação: 2016
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE
Texto Completo: http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1476
Resumo: This research relates the development and use of modified adsorbents from agroindustrial residues. The following solid agroindustrial residues were obtained: pine bark (Pinus elliottii), solid residue from the manufacture of wood; Crambe cake (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), solid residue from oil extraction (biodiesel agroindustry); and cassava peels (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a byproduct of cassava industrialization. Biosorbents P. in natura, C. in natura and M. in natura (natural adsorbents or biosorbents) were produced from these agroindustrial residues, which had no or low market value, from which were produced the modified adsorbents, by washing the biomass with solutions of H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH 0.1 mol L-1, resulting the modified adsorbents of pinus P. H2O2, P. H2SO4 and P. NaOH; crambe C. H2O2, C. H2SO4 and C. NaOH, and cassava M. H2O2, M. H2SO4, M. NaOH. In the first step of the study of these adsorbents (in natura and modified) the adsorbent materials were characterized, namely: chemical composition of the adsorbents, pHPCZ, infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG and DTG), BET and BJH isotherms (porosity and surface area). After the characterization of the adsorbent materials, adsorption studies were carried out for the evalution of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) removal, which aimed to evaluate the performance of the materials on the influence of the pH of contaminant solution (ideal adsorption conditions), ie, the adsorption of metal ions as a function of increasing masses and the pH of the medium; the influence of adsorption time (adsorption kinetics), the influence of increasing concentrations of metal ions and isotherm linearization (adsorption equilibrium studies), the effect of temperature on the sorption process (adsorption studies) as well as the reuse of these adsorbent materials by acid elution (desorption studies). The scanning electron microscopes indicated changes in the adsorbents surface; the pHPZC of the modified adsorbents was distinct from the biosorbents. In addition, changes were also observed in the bands of the functional groups in the infrared spectrum, with new functional groups observed, such data indicate that modifications occurred to the adsorbents as a function of the chemical treatment applied. The results showed that, in general, the modified adsorbents present higher adsorption capacity of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) metal ions than in natura materials. The modified adsorbents based on pinus, crambe and cassava did not show significant variation in relation to the studied pH range, which is a great advantage, because the adsorbents developed adapt to a wide pH range of contaminated water. An average time of 40 minutes was found for adsorption equilibrium, indicating that the sorption process is fast and occurs in the first few moments. The adsorption of the toxic ions occurs in mono and multilayer, in agreement with the good adjustments observed for Langmuir and Freundlich. In general, the adsorbents presented good reuse capacities, except when used for Cr(III) adsorption, because in this case it is difficult to reuse the adsorbents due to the low desorption rates of this metal, possibly due to chemisorption. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the adsorbents of pinus, crambe and cassava present themselves as excellent, renewable, high availability and low cost, being an attractive alternative for the industry, through its use in advanced treatment systems, for the removal of metals such as Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III)
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spelling Gonçalves Júnior, Affonso Celsohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0274178372961922Campagnolo, Marcelo Angelohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4231525079449216Dragunski, Douglas Cardosohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0612112281360342Tarley, César Ricardo Teixeirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9803419937796467Braccini, Alessandro de Lucca ehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4761638E5http://lattes.cnpq.br/5254472099796913Schwantes, Daniel2017-07-10T17:40:56Z2017-02-102016-08-05SCHWANTES, Daniel. Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III). 2016. 197 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, 2016.http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1476This research relates the development and use of modified adsorbents from agroindustrial residues. The following solid agroindustrial residues were obtained: pine bark (Pinus elliottii), solid residue from the manufacture of wood; Crambe cake (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), solid residue from oil extraction (biodiesel agroindustry); and cassava peels (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a byproduct of cassava industrialization. Biosorbents P. in natura, C. in natura and M. in natura (natural adsorbents or biosorbents) were produced from these agroindustrial residues, which had no or low market value, from which were produced the modified adsorbents, by washing the biomass with solutions of H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH 0.1 mol L-1, resulting the modified adsorbents of pinus P. H2O2, P. H2SO4 and P. NaOH; crambe C. H2O2, C. H2SO4 and C. NaOH, and cassava M. H2O2, M. H2SO4, M. NaOH. In the first step of the study of these adsorbents (in natura and modified) the adsorbent materials were characterized, namely: chemical composition of the adsorbents, pHPCZ, infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG and DTG), BET and BJH isotherms (porosity and surface area). After the characterization of the adsorbent materials, adsorption studies were carried out for the evalution of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) removal, which aimed to evaluate the performance of the materials on the influence of the pH of contaminant solution (ideal adsorption conditions), ie, the adsorption of metal ions as a function of increasing masses and the pH of the medium; the influence of adsorption time (adsorption kinetics), the influence of increasing concentrations of metal ions and isotherm linearization (adsorption equilibrium studies), the effect of temperature on the sorption process (adsorption studies) as well as the reuse of these adsorbent materials by acid elution (desorption studies). The scanning electron microscopes indicated changes in the adsorbents surface; the pHPZC of the modified adsorbents was distinct from the biosorbents. In addition, changes were also observed in the bands of the functional groups in the infrared spectrum, with new functional groups observed, such data indicate that modifications occurred to the adsorbents as a function of the chemical treatment applied. The results showed that, in general, the modified adsorbents present higher adsorption capacity of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) metal ions than in natura materials. The modified adsorbents based on pinus, crambe and cassava did not show significant variation in relation to the studied pH range, which is a great advantage, because the adsorbents developed adapt to a wide pH range of contaminated water. An average time of 40 minutes was found for adsorption equilibrium, indicating that the sorption process is fast and occurs in the first few moments. The adsorption of the toxic ions occurs in mono and multilayer, in agreement with the good adjustments observed for Langmuir and Freundlich. In general, the adsorbents presented good reuse capacities, except when used for Cr(III) adsorption, because in this case it is difficult to reuse the adsorbents due to the low desorption rates of this metal, possibly due to chemisorption. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the adsorbents of pinus, crambe and cassava present themselves as excellent, renewable, high availability and low cost, being an attractive alternative for the industry, through its use in advanced treatment systems, for the removal of metals such as Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III)Esta pesquisa relaciona o desenvolvimento e uso de adsorventes modificados a partir de resíduos agroindustriais. Para tal, foram obtidos os seguintes resíduos sólidos agroindustriais: cascas de pinus (Pinus elliottii), resíduo sólido da fabricação de madeira; torta de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), resíduo sólido da extração do óleo (agroindústria do biodiesel); e cascas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), subproduto da industrialização da mandioca. A partir destes resíduos agroindustriais, que apresentam nenhum ou baixo valor de mercado, foram produzidos os biossorventes P. in natura, C. in natura e M. in natura e (adsorventes naturais ou biossorventes), dos quais foram produzidos os adsorventes modificados, por meio da lavagem com soluções de H2O2, H2SO4 e NaOH 0,1 mol L-1, dando origem aos adsorventes modificados de pinus P. H2O2, P. H2SO4 e P. NaOH; de crambe C. H2O2, C. H2SO4 e C. NaOH, e de mandioca M. H2O2, M. H2SO4, M. NaOH. Na primeira etapa do estudo destes adsorventes (in natura e modificados), realizou-se a caracterização dos materiais, a citar: composição química dos adsorventes, pHPCZ, espectros de infravermelho (FT-IR), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), termogravimetria (TG e DTG) e isotermas de BET e BJH (porosidade e área superficial). Após a caracterização dos materiais adsorventes, foram conduzidos estudos de adsorção para os metais Cd(II), Pb(II) e Cr(III), que visavam avaliar a performance dos materiais quanto a influência do pH da solução contaminante (condições ideais de adsorção), ou seja, a adsorção de íons metálicos em função de massas crescentes e do pH do meio; o efeito do tempo no processo de adsorção (cinética de adsorção), a influência de concentrações crescentes de íons metálicos e linearização das isotermas (estudos de equilíbrio de adsorção), o efeito da temperatura no processo sortivo (estudos de termodinâmica de adsorção), bem como o reuso destes materiais adsorventes por meio de eluição ácida (estudos de dessorção). As microscopias eletrônicas de varredura indicaram a ocorrência de mudanças na superfície dos adsorventes, o pHPCZ dos adsorventes modificados foi distinto dos biossorventes, além disso, também foram observadas alterações quanto a amplitude das bandas dos grupos funcionais no espectro de infravermelho, com novos grupos funcionais observados, tais dados sugerem a ocorrência de modificações aos adsorventes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que, no geral, os adsorventes modificados apresentam maior capacidade de adsorção de íons metálicos Cd(II), Pb(II) e Cr(III) que os materiais in natura. Os adsorventes a base de pinus, crambe e mandioca não apresentaram variação significativa com relação à faixa de pH estudada, sendo esta uma grande vantagem, pois os adsorventes desenvolvidos se adaptam a uma ampla faixa de pH de águas contaminadas. Foi encontrado um tempo médio de 40 minutos para ocorrência do equilíbrio de adsorção, indicando que o processo sortivo é rápido e ocorre nos primeiros instantes. A adsorção dos íons ocorre em mono e multicamadas, em concordância com os bons ajustes observados para Langmuir e Freundlich. Em geral, os adsorventes apresentaram boa capacidade de reuso, exceto quando utilizados para adsorção de Cr(III), pois neste caso ocorre dificuldade de reuso dos adsorventes pela baixa taxa de dessorção deste metal, indicando possível quimissorção. Pelos resultados obtidos conclui-se que os adsorventes modificados de pinus, crambe e mandioca apresentam-se como excelentes, renováveis, de alta disponibilidade e baixo custo, sendo uma alternativa atraente para a indústria, mediante sua utilização em sistemas de tratamento avançados, para a remoção de metais como Cd(II), Pb(II) e Cr(III)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:40:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel_Schwantes.pdf: 5686979 bytes, checksum: e1296696716d8829be7043393332c024 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-05Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfpor-6392337873870130111500Universidade Estadual do Oeste do ParanaMarechal Cândido RondonPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaUNIOESTEBRCentro de Ciências AgráriasModificações químicasAdsorvente modificadoRemediação de metaisTratamento de águaProcessos adsortivosChemical modificationsModified adsorbentMetal remediationWater treatmentAdsorptive processesCIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIAPreparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)Preparation of chemically modified plant biomasses and application in adsorption studies of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr (III)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTEinstname:Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)instacron:UNIOESTEORIGINALDaniel Schwantes 2016application/pdf5686979http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/1476/1/Daniel+Schwantes+2016e1296696716d8829be7043393332c024MD51tede/14762017-08-23 20:46:14.114oai:tede.unioeste.br:tede/1476Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede.unioeste.br/PUBhttp://tede.unioeste.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.repositorio@unioeste.bropendoar:2017-08-23T23:46:14Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Preparation of chemically modified plant biomasses and application in adsorption studies of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr (III)
title Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
spellingShingle Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
Schwantes, Daniel
Modificações químicas
Adsorvente modificado
Remediação de metais
Tratamento de água
Processos adsortivos
Chemical modifications
Modified adsorbent
Metal remediation
Water treatment
Adsorptive processes
CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIA
title_short Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
title_full Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
title_fullStr Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
title_full_unstemmed Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
title_sort Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III)
author Schwantes, Daniel
author_facet Schwantes, Daniel
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Gonçalves Júnior, Affonso Celso
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/0274178372961922
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Campagnolo, Marcelo Angelo
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/4231525079449216
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Dragunski, Douglas Cardoso
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/0612112281360342
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Tarley, César Ricardo Teixeira
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9803419937796467
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv Braccini, Alessandro de Lucca e
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4761638E5
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5254472099796913
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Schwantes, Daniel
contributor_str_mv Gonçalves Júnior, Affonso Celso
Campagnolo, Marcelo Angelo
Dragunski, Douglas Cardoso
Tarley, César Ricardo Teixeira
Braccini, Alessandro de Lucca e
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Modificações químicas
Adsorvente modificado
Remediação de metais
Tratamento de água
Processos adsortivos
topic Modificações químicas
Adsorvente modificado
Remediação de metais
Tratamento de água
Processos adsortivos
Chemical modifications
Modified adsorbent
Metal remediation
Water treatment
Adsorptive processes
CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Chemical modifications
Modified adsorbent
Metal remediation
Water treatment
Adsorptive processes
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIA
description This research relates the development and use of modified adsorbents from agroindustrial residues. The following solid agroindustrial residues were obtained: pine bark (Pinus elliottii), solid residue from the manufacture of wood; Crambe cake (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), solid residue from oil extraction (biodiesel agroindustry); and cassava peels (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a byproduct of cassava industrialization. Biosorbents P. in natura, C. in natura and M. in natura (natural adsorbents or biosorbents) were produced from these agroindustrial residues, which had no or low market value, from which were produced the modified adsorbents, by washing the biomass with solutions of H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH 0.1 mol L-1, resulting the modified adsorbents of pinus P. H2O2, P. H2SO4 and P. NaOH; crambe C. H2O2, C. H2SO4 and C. NaOH, and cassava M. H2O2, M. H2SO4, M. NaOH. In the first step of the study of these adsorbents (in natura and modified) the adsorbent materials were characterized, namely: chemical composition of the adsorbents, pHPCZ, infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG and DTG), BET and BJH isotherms (porosity and surface area). After the characterization of the adsorbent materials, adsorption studies were carried out for the evalution of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) removal, which aimed to evaluate the performance of the materials on the influence of the pH of contaminant solution (ideal adsorption conditions), ie, the adsorption of metal ions as a function of increasing masses and the pH of the medium; the influence of adsorption time (adsorption kinetics), the influence of increasing concentrations of metal ions and isotherm linearization (adsorption equilibrium studies), the effect of temperature on the sorption process (adsorption studies) as well as the reuse of these adsorbent materials by acid elution (desorption studies). The scanning electron microscopes indicated changes in the adsorbents surface; the pHPZC of the modified adsorbents was distinct from the biosorbents. In addition, changes were also observed in the bands of the functional groups in the infrared spectrum, with new functional groups observed, such data indicate that modifications occurred to the adsorbents as a function of the chemical treatment applied. The results showed that, in general, the modified adsorbents present higher adsorption capacity of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) metal ions than in natura materials. The modified adsorbents based on pinus, crambe and cassava did not show significant variation in relation to the studied pH range, which is a great advantage, because the adsorbents developed adapt to a wide pH range of contaminated water. An average time of 40 minutes was found for adsorption equilibrium, indicating that the sorption process is fast and occurs in the first few moments. The adsorption of the toxic ions occurs in mono and multilayer, in agreement with the good adjustments observed for Langmuir and Freundlich. In general, the adsorbents presented good reuse capacities, except when used for Cr(III) adsorption, because in this case it is difficult to reuse the adsorbents due to the low desorption rates of this metal, possibly due to chemisorption. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the adsorbents of pinus, crambe and cassava present themselves as excellent, renewable, high availability and low cost, being an attractive alternative for the industry, through its use in advanced treatment systems, for the removal of metals such as Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III)
publishDate 2016
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2016-08-05
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2017-07-10T17:40:56Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2017-02-10
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SCHWANTES, Daniel. Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III). 2016. 197 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, 2016.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1476
identifier_str_mv SCHWANTES, Daniel. Preparo de biomassas vegetais modificadas quimicamente e aplicação em estudos adsortivos de Cd(II), Pb (II) E Cr (III). 2016. 197 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, 2016.
url http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1476
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana
Marechal Cândido Rondon
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UNIOESTE
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv BR
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Centro de Ciências Agrárias
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana
Marechal Cândido Rondon
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