Atividade antioxidante e antifúngica de extratos foliares de Maytenus spp. sobre Cylindrocladium clavatum

• Autor(a) principal: Chiapetti , Tatiane Priscila
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE
• Texto Completo: http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3741
• topic: Evaporador; Espectrofotômetro; Coluna; CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIA

The leaves of the tree popularly called espinheira-santa have beneficial compounds, and these benefits are scientifically proven. The plant has antioxidant activity, antifungal activity and several other characteristics. It is very important to develop studies on vegetables that can replace the use of medicines and also pesticides, as the number of intoxications, diseases and even the resistance of microorganisms by the excessive use of drugs is increasing. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of two species of spine-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus aquifolium) under different methods of extraction and subsequent chromatographic separation and also the evaluation of its antifungal activity against the fungus Cylindrocladium clavatum in eucalyptus. The extraction methods for the first work were percolation at 28 ° C for 7 days and ultrasound at different temperatures (50 ° C, 60 ° C and 70 ° C) for 15 minutes. Chromatographic separation solvents were hexane, chloroform and methanol. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. For the evaluation of the antifungal activity, a set of analyzes was done to verify the effectiveness of extracts of the espinheira-santa species in different ways. Firstly, the extracts applied to the fungus were incorporated in culture medium at a fixed concentration of 2000mg L-1, followed by the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration in 5 and 15 days, sporulation in 15 days, and the end of evaluation in eucalyptus leaves. The extract of the espinheira-santa had similar results for the two species analyzed. High levels of antioxidant activity were found for all the tests performed and this occurred mainly in extraction with lower temperature. The extracts that stood out most in antioxidant activity were the crude extracts and extracts obtained with solvent methanol in the chromatography, for all the methods of evaluation of the antioxidant activity. In the evaluations of the antifungal activity it was observed that all the extracts in fixed concentrations of 2000 mg L-1 and later of 500 mg L-1 were effective in controlling the fungus. In the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration the extract obtained with chloroform solvent was the one that stood out in the effectiveness of the control. The extract also inhibited sporulation gradually according to the concentration applied, that is, the higher the concentration of the extract applied, the greater the inhibition of sporulation. For the evaluations in the eucalyptus leaves, the extracts were also effective, and this was according to the concentration used, with the highest concentrations being the most effective. And this occurred mainly for the crude extract and the methanolic. It was also noticeable the effect of delay of the growth of the colonies and sporulation with the application of the extracts.