Avaliação do tratamento com crioterapia em modelo experimental de compressão do nervo isquiático em ratos wistar

• Autor(a) principal: Karvat, Jhenifer
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE
• Texto Completo: http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/665
• topic: Modalidades de fisioterapia; Traumatismos dos nervos periféricos; Compressão nervosa; Nerve Crush; Physical Therapy Modalities; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS

This thesis consists of an introduction and general literature review, as well as two scientific articles. Injury to the peripheral nerves can occur by crushing, compression and transection, resulting in pain, reduction or loss of sensory and motor in the innervated area. Among the most common disorders is compression the sciatic nerve, responsible for the innervation of the back leg thigh and foot. Various forms of treatment can be used for this dysfunction, and within the physical therapy there is cryotherapy, however there is a lack in the literature regarding cryotherapy as a treatment for peripheral nerve injury. Thus, this study has the aim to evaluate treatment with cryotherapy in an experimental model of sciatic nerve compression in Wistar rats. 42 rats were randomly separated in groups: G1 - control; G2, G3 and G4 - groups that were submitted to sciatic nerve compression without receiving any treatment, being euthanized on the 3rd, 8th and 15th postoperative (PO), respectively; G5, G6 and G7 - groups that were submitted to sciatic nerve compression and treated with cryotherapy, euthanized at 3rd, 8th and 15th PO, respectively. The sciatic nerve compression was performed using a hemostat for 30 seconds. For treatment with cryotherapy in G5, G6 and G7, the animals were placed on the injured hind limb (right) immersed in a container with water and ice at 5 °C for 20 minutes, the first intervention immediately after the injury. G5 was only submitted to a treatment session, while G6 and G7 returned to the treatment of the 3rd to the 7th PO. Functional assessments were performed using the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), functional disability test, nociception and edema, which occurred in stages: pre-injury, 2nd PO and the corresponding day euthanasia of each injured group, and G1 rated at the same time that the groups submitted to injury, however euthanized in 15th PO. After the intervention period, the animals were under anesthesia and the sciatic nerve collected for morphological analysis. It was used ANOVA mixed model for statistical analysis with 5% significance level. According to the results, there was a decrease of SFI after injury, independent of cryotherapy. The functional disability test showed an increase in paw rise time after injury. Nociception held at the injury site showed decreased the withdrawal threshold of the injured groups, however there was increase in the threshold in groups related to the assessments of the 8th and 15th PO. Nociception held in the plantar region was similar to the previous one, but the withdrawal threshold did not increase. In the evaluation of edema animals showed edema after the injury in the groups evaluated on 2nd PO corresponding the G1, G4 and G7, and on 3nd PO, which is not reduced. Regarding morphological analysis, G1 had nerve fibers with standard morphology, while the injured groups have nerve degeneration, and G6 showed a slight recovery of the nerve fibers, and present regeneration in the G4 and G7. We conclude that the cryotherapy protocol used was not effective to recover all the functional parameters analyzed, however, there was a slight improvement in the morphology of the group euthanized on the 8th PO.