Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Roman, Jaqueline Fátima
Data de Publicação: 2011
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE
Texto Completo: http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2119
Resumo: This work aims to investigate what are the legitimacy foundations of political law in the thoughts of Jean Jacques Rousseau. For the Geneva-born philosopher, the man is not a political being by nature, as politics is directly related to social life. Only in the social state it is possible to talk about such law. However, the present work starts with the study of the state of nature, and eventually it will approach the social state. This is justified by the fact that it is in this state that Rousseau, through the hypothetical natural man, builds the idea of what he considers to be a reference of human being. Leaning on the natural man, he finds arguments to differ artificial and natural features of man. The study of the state of nature is also important because in it there are feelings that will be necessary to form a society founded on the legitimate political law, as it is the case of love of oneself. This might be the starting point to understand the legitimacy foundation in Rousseau s political law. Starting from the study of the differences between the state of nature and the social state, it is possible to show why the pact between rich and poor, founded on the inequality, is considered illegitimate by Rousseau, and also reason about the necessary political foundations for the building of a legitimate civil pact. What are the necessary conditions for the man to live in society as free as before? In Rousseau s point of view, the man cannot renounce his freedom; otherwise he will lose his human condition, as each man has the same value as the others from his species, and therefore cannot dominate or obey others. Thus, a civil pact similar to the pact between rich and poor is completely illegitimate to Rousseau because it allows the domination of a man over another, denaturalizing him. The free man is the one that obeys only his own will. But how can we envisage life in society with the obedience of solely one s own will, that is, from what reference is it possible to found a legitimate pact and, consequently, Political Law? To solve this problem, our philosopher proposes a new civil pact, and in it the idea of popular sovereignty: people reunited in assembly are the only legitimate sovereign and apt to approve laws which they have to obey. These laws must be in accordance with the general will, which aims at the common well-being and the public utility. That way, each man votes according to his conscience, without any influences, and obeys only his own will, which is consequently reflected in the laws he has approved. Therefore, a man cannot relegate to a representative the power to approve laws, because the exercise of sovereignty is inalienable. This is the legitimate way that Rousseau found for the man to obey but not to serve.
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spelling Schütz, Rosalvohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0920572653737862Garcia, Cláudio Boeirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9346294535082415Ciotta, Tarcíliohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8428235754672984Oliveira, Neiva Afonsohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7408879749508088http://lattes.cnpq.br/5175176362545065Roman, Jaqueline Fátima2017-07-10T18:26:27Z2011-10-312011-07-04ROMAN, Jaqueline Fátima. Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau. 2011. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, 2011.http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2119This work aims to investigate what are the legitimacy foundations of political law in the thoughts of Jean Jacques Rousseau. For the Geneva-born philosopher, the man is not a political being by nature, as politics is directly related to social life. Only in the social state it is possible to talk about such law. However, the present work starts with the study of the state of nature, and eventually it will approach the social state. This is justified by the fact that it is in this state that Rousseau, through the hypothetical natural man, builds the idea of what he considers to be a reference of human being. Leaning on the natural man, he finds arguments to differ artificial and natural features of man. The study of the state of nature is also important because in it there are feelings that will be necessary to form a society founded on the legitimate political law, as it is the case of love of oneself. This might be the starting point to understand the legitimacy foundation in Rousseau s political law. Starting from the study of the differences between the state of nature and the social state, it is possible to show why the pact between rich and poor, founded on the inequality, is considered illegitimate by Rousseau, and also reason about the necessary political foundations for the building of a legitimate civil pact. What are the necessary conditions for the man to live in society as free as before? In Rousseau s point of view, the man cannot renounce his freedom; otherwise he will lose his human condition, as each man has the same value as the others from his species, and therefore cannot dominate or obey others. Thus, a civil pact similar to the pact between rich and poor is completely illegitimate to Rousseau because it allows the domination of a man over another, denaturalizing him. The free man is the one that obeys only his own will. But how can we envisage life in society with the obedience of solely one s own will, that is, from what reference is it possible to found a legitimate pact and, consequently, Political Law? To solve this problem, our philosopher proposes a new civil pact, and in it the idea of popular sovereignty: people reunited in assembly are the only legitimate sovereign and apt to approve laws which they have to obey. These laws must be in accordance with the general will, which aims at the common well-being and the public utility. That way, each man votes according to his conscience, without any influences, and obeys only his own will, which is consequently reflected in the laws he has approved. Therefore, a man cannot relegate to a representative the power to approve laws, because the exercise of sovereignty is inalienable. This is the legitimate way that Rousseau found for the man to obey but not to serve.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar quais são os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político no pensamento de Jean Jacques Rousseau. Para o filósofo genebrino, o homem não é um ser político por natureza, tendo em vista que a política está diretamente relacionada com a vida social. Somente no estado social se pode falar em tal direito. No entanto, o presente trabalho inicia com o estudo do estado de natureza, para posteriormente, abordar o estado social. Tal fato se justifica, porque é nesse estado que Rousseau, através do homem no estado de natureza, constrói a ideia do que considera ser um referencial de ser humano. É debruçado sobre o homem no estado de natureza que ele encontra argumentos para diferenciar características artificiais e naturais do homem. O estudo do estado de natureza também é importante porque nele já existem sentimentos que serão necessários para a formação de uma sociedade fundamentada em um direito político legítimo, como é o caso do amor de si. Talvez seja esse o ponto de partida para a compreensão dos fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau. A partir do estudo das diferenças entre o estado natural e o estado social, é possível demonstrar porque o pacto dos ricos, fundamentado na desigualdade, é considerado ilegítimo para Rousseau, e ainda discorrer sobre os fundamentos políticos necessários para a construção de um pacto civil legítimo. Quais são as condições necessárias para que o homem se mantenha em sociedade tão livre quanto antes? Na visão de Rousseau, o homem não pode renunciar a sua liberdade, sob pena de perder a condição humana, porque cada homem possui o mesmo valor que os demais de sua espécie, e por isso não pode dominar ou obedecer. Assim, um pacto civil nos moldes do denominado pacto dos ricos é para Rousseau completamente ilegítimo, porque legaliza a dominação de um homem sobre o outro, desnaturando-o. O homem livre é aquele que obedece somente a sua própria vontade. Mas como equacionar a vida em sociedade com a obediência somente aos seus próprios desígnios, ou seja, a partir de que referência se torna possível fundamentar um pacto legítimo e, por conseqüência, o Direito Político? Para resolver esse problema, nosso filósofo propõe um novo pacto civil, e nele a ideia da soberania popular: o povo reunido em assembléia é o único soberano legítimo e apto para aprovar leis que tem de obedecer. Essas leis devem estar de acordo com a vontade geral, que sempre visa o bem comum e a utilidade pública. Assim, cada homem vota de acordo com sua consciência, sem influências, e obedece somente a sua própria vontade, que consequentemente esta refletida nas leis que aprova. Desta forma, o homem não pode delegar a um representante o poder de aprovar as leis, porque o exercício da soberania é inalienável. Essa é a forma legítima que Rousseau encontrou para o homem obedecer sem servir.Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:26:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jaqueline Fatima Roman.pdf: 737126 bytes, checksum: 08e98b205f6f03e2dc7ee17b8e74ff99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-04Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do ParanáPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUNIOESTEBRCentro de Ciências Humanas e Sociaishttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRousseauDireito políticoPacto civilVontade geralLegitimidadePolitical lawCivil pactGeneral willLegitimacyCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIAOs fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em RousseauThe legitimacy foundation in Rousseau´s political lawinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTEinstname:Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)instacron:UNIOESTEORIGINALJaqueline_Roman_2011.pdfJaqueline_Roman_2011.pdfapplication/pdf730417http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/2119/1/Jaqueline_Roman_2011.pdf7163cd325bfdece76ef671ff8fd397dfMD51tede/21192024-07-31 14:35:49.148oai:tede.unioeste.br:tede/2119Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede.unioeste.br/PUBhttp://tede.unioeste.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.repositorio@unioeste.bropendoar:2024-07-31T17:35:49Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UNIOESTE - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv The legitimacy foundation in Rousseau´s political law
title Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
spellingShingle Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
Roman, Jaqueline Fátima
Rousseau
Direito político
Pacto civil
Vontade geral
Legitimidade
Political law
Civil pact
General will
Legitimacy
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
title_short Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
title_full Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
title_fullStr Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
title_full_unstemmed Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
title_sort Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau
author Roman, Jaqueline Fátima
author_facet Roman, Jaqueline Fátima
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Schütz, Rosalvo
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920572653737862
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Garcia, Cláudio Boeira
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9346294535082415
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Ciotta, Tarcílio
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8428235754672984
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Neiva Afonso
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/7408879749508088
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5175176362545065
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Roman, Jaqueline Fátima
contributor_str_mv Schütz, Rosalvo
Garcia, Cláudio Boeira
Ciotta, Tarcílio
Oliveira, Neiva Afonso
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Rousseau
Direito político
Pacto civil
Vontade geral
Legitimidade
topic Rousseau
Direito político
Pacto civil
Vontade geral
Legitimidade
Political law
Civil pact
General will
Legitimacy
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Political law
Civil pact
General will
Legitimacy
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
description This work aims to investigate what are the legitimacy foundations of political law in the thoughts of Jean Jacques Rousseau. For the Geneva-born philosopher, the man is not a political being by nature, as politics is directly related to social life. Only in the social state it is possible to talk about such law. However, the present work starts with the study of the state of nature, and eventually it will approach the social state. This is justified by the fact that it is in this state that Rousseau, through the hypothetical natural man, builds the idea of what he considers to be a reference of human being. Leaning on the natural man, he finds arguments to differ artificial and natural features of man. The study of the state of nature is also important because in it there are feelings that will be necessary to form a society founded on the legitimate political law, as it is the case of love of oneself. This might be the starting point to understand the legitimacy foundation in Rousseau s political law. Starting from the study of the differences between the state of nature and the social state, it is possible to show why the pact between rich and poor, founded on the inequality, is considered illegitimate by Rousseau, and also reason about the necessary political foundations for the building of a legitimate civil pact. What are the necessary conditions for the man to live in society as free as before? In Rousseau s point of view, the man cannot renounce his freedom; otherwise he will lose his human condition, as each man has the same value as the others from his species, and therefore cannot dominate or obey others. Thus, a civil pact similar to the pact between rich and poor is completely illegitimate to Rousseau because it allows the domination of a man over another, denaturalizing him. The free man is the one that obeys only his own will. But how can we envisage life in society with the obedience of solely one s own will, that is, from what reference is it possible to found a legitimate pact and, consequently, Political Law? To solve this problem, our philosopher proposes a new civil pact, and in it the idea of popular sovereignty: people reunited in assembly are the only legitimate sovereign and apt to approve laws which they have to obey. These laws must be in accordance with the general will, which aims at the common well-being and the public utility. That way, each man votes according to his conscience, without any influences, and obeys only his own will, which is consequently reflected in the laws he has approved. Therefore, a man cannot relegate to a representative the power to approve laws, because the exercise of sovereignty is inalienable. This is the legitimate way that Rousseau found for the man to obey but not to serve.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2011-10-31
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2011-07-04
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2017-07-10T18:26:27Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv ROMAN, Jaqueline Fátima. Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau. 2011. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, 2011.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2119
identifier_str_mv ROMAN, Jaqueline Fátima. Os fundamentos de legitimidade do direito político em Rousseau. 2011. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, 2011.
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