Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Tozi, Shirley Capela
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Ribeiro, Wagner Costa
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão)
Texto Completo: https://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/ambientes/article/view/29976
Resumo: Conflicts are objects of study of geographic knowledge and arise for several reasons. They can result from tensions that occur at a given moment in geographic space. Conflicts over water are increasing worldwide, including in the Amazon despite the abundance of water in this ecosystem. The Amazon has always been occupied by indigenous and traditional peoples who use the forest to meet their needs. But their ways of life, rites and customs often confront projects that seek another form of appropriation of water from the Amazon basin. The result is the threat of extinction of peoples, who are prevented from maintaining their traditional customs. This situation occurs on the Volta Grande of the Xingu River, which was directly affected by the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The damming of the water made the river unknown to the Yudjá people, since the hydrographic oscillations of the past were altered. The river has become unknown because it does not equally offer the fundamental environmental services for the reproduction of the people's way of existing. The fish are no longer present as before and the floods and ebbs have also changed. This article aims to support discussions on conflict, especially those involving water, through an analysis of the conflict generated between the original Yudjá people and the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The methodology used is documental and bibliographical analysis. The research revealed that the reduction of water volumes compromised the way of life of an original people. The tensions that resulted from the appropriation of water have not yet been resolved and may increase the environmental injustice caused by the imposition of a use of water, that is, the generation of energy, superimposing it on the traditional practices of the Yudjá people. Keywords: Water-conflict; Yudjá; Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant.
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spelling Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power PlantConflits pour l'eau en Amazonie: Le cas des peuples indigènes Yudjá et la Centrale Hydroélectrique Belo MonteConflitos pela água na Amazônia: O caso do povo indígena Yudjá e a Usina Hidrelétrica Belo Monte Conflicts are objects of study of geographic knowledge and arise for several reasons. They can result from tensions that occur at a given moment in geographic space. Conflicts over water are increasing worldwide, including in the Amazon despite the abundance of water in this ecosystem. The Amazon has always been occupied by indigenous and traditional peoples who use the forest to meet their needs. But their ways of life, rites and customs often confront projects that seek another form of appropriation of water from the Amazon basin. The result is the threat of extinction of peoples, who are prevented from maintaining their traditional customs. This situation occurs on the Volta Grande of the Xingu River, which was directly affected by the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The damming of the water made the river unknown to the Yudjá people, since the hydrographic oscillations of the past were altered. The river has become unknown because it does not equally offer the fundamental environmental services for the reproduction of the people's way of existing. The fish are no longer present as before and the floods and ebbs have also changed. This article aims to support discussions on conflict, especially those involving water, through an analysis of the conflict generated between the original Yudjá people and the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The methodology used is documental and bibliographical analysis. The research revealed that the reduction of water volumes compromised the way of life of an original people. The tensions that resulted from the appropriation of water have not yet been resolved and may increase the environmental injustice caused by the imposition of a use of water, that is, the generation of energy, superimposing it on the traditional practices of the Yudjá people. Keywords: Water-conflict; Yudjá; Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant.Les conflits sont des objets d'étude de la connaissance géographique et se produisent pour plusieurs raisons. Elles peuvent résulter de tensions qui surviennent à un moment donné de l'espace géographique. Les conflits autour de l'eau se multiplient dans le monde, y compris en Amazonie malgré l'abondance d'eau dans cet écosystème. L'Amazonie a toujours été occupée par des peuples indigènes et traditionnels qui utilisent la forêt pour subvenir à leurs besoins. Mais leurs modes de vie, rites et coutumes se heurtent souvent à des projets qui cherchent une autre forme d'appropriation de l'eau du bassin amazonien. Le résultat est la menace d'extinction des peuples, qui sont empêchés de maintenir leurs coutumes traditionnelles. Cette situation se produit sur la Volta Grande du fleuve Xingu, qui a été directement touchée par la construction de la Centrale Hydroélectrique de Belo Monte. Le barrage de l'eau a rendu la rivière inconnue du peuple Yudjá, car les oscillations hydrographiques du passé ont été modifiées. Le fleuve est devenu méconnu car il n'offre pas également les services environnementaux fondamentaux pour la reproduction du mode d'existence du peuple. Les poissons ne sont plus présents comme avant et les crues et reflux ont également changé. Cet article vise à soutenir les discussions sur les conflits, en particulier ceux impliquant l'eau, à travers une analyse du conflit généré entre le peuple Yudjá et l'installation de la Centrale Hydroélectrique de Belo Monte. La méthodologie utilisée est l'analyse documentaire et bibliographique. Le travail ai révélé que la réduction des volumes d'eau compromettait le mode de vie d'un peuple originel. Les tensions qui ont résulté de l'appropriation de l'eau ne sont pas encore résolues et peuvent accroître l'injustice environnementale causée par l'imposition d'un usage de l'eau, c'est-à-dire la génération d'énergie, la superposant aux pratiques traditionnelles du peuple Yudjá. Mots-clés: Conflits d'eau; Yudjá; Centrale Hydroélectrique Belo Monte.Conflitos são objetos de estudo do conhecimento geográfico e surgem por diversas razões. Eles podem resultar de tensões que ocorrem em um dado momento no espaço geográfico. Os conflitos por água aumentam em todo mundo, inclusive na Amazônia apesar de abundância da água neste ecossistema. A Amazônia sempre foi ocupada por povos originários e tradicionais que utilizam a floresta para suprir suas necessidades. Mas seus gêneros de vida, ritos e costumes muitas vezes afrontam projetos que buscam outra forma de apropriação da água da bacia amazônica. O resultado é a ameaça de extinção de povos, que são impedidos de manter seus costumes tradicionais. Esta situação ocorre na Volta Grande do rio Xingu que foi diretamente afetada pela construção da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte. O represamento da água tornou o rio desconhecido ao povo Yudjá, posto que as oscilações hidrográficas de outrora foram alteradas. O rio tornou-se desconhecido porque não oferece do mesmo modo os serviços ambientais fundamentais à reprodução de modo de existir do povo. Os peixes não estão mais presentes como antes e as cheias e vazantes também foram alteradas. Esse artigo tem como objetivo subsidiar as discussões sobre conflito, principalmente os que envolvem a água, por meio de uma análise do conflito gerado entre o povo originário Yudjá e a instalação da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte. A metodologia utilizada é a análise documental e bibliográfica. A pesquisa revelou que a redução dos volumes de água comprometeu o modo de vida de um povo originário. As tensões que resultaram da apropriação da água ainda não foram equacionadas e podem ampliar a injustiça ambiental causada pela imposição de um uso da água, qual seja, a geração de energia, sobrepondo-o às práticas tradicionais do povo Yudjá. Palavras-chave: Conflito por água; Yudjá; UHE-Belo Monte.   Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant   Abstract Conflicts are objects of study of geographic knowledge and arise for several reasons. They can result from tensions that occur at a given moment in geographic space. Conflicts over water are increasing worldwide, including in the Amazon despite the abundance of water in this ecosystem. The Amazon has always been occupied by indigenous and traditional peoples who use the forest to meet their needs. But their ways of life, rites and customs often confront projects that seek another form of appropriation of water from the Amazon basin. The result is the threat of extinction of peoples, who are prevented from maintaining their traditional customs. This situation occurs on the Volta Grande of the Xingu River, which was directly affected by the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The damming of the water made the river unknown to the Yudjá people, since the hydrographic oscillations of the past were altered. The river has become unknown because it does not equally offer the fundamental environmental services for the reproduction of the people's way of existing. The fish are no longer present as before and the floods and ebbs have also changed. This article aims to support discussions on conflict, especially those involving water, through an analysis of the conflict generated between the original Yudjá people and the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The methodology used is documental and bibliographical analysis. The research revealed that the reduction of water volumes compromised the way of life of an original people. The tensions that resulted from the appropriation of water have not yet been resolved and may increase the environmental injustice caused by the imposition of a use of water, that is, the generation of energy, superimposing it on the traditional practices of the Yudjá people. Keywords: Water-conflict; Yudjá; Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant.   Conflits pour l'eau en Amazonie: Le cas des peuples indigènes Yudjá et la Centrale Hydroélectrique Belo Monte   Resumé Les conflits sont des objets d'étude de la connaissance géographique et se produisent pour plusieurs raisons. Elles peuvent résulter de tensions qui surviennent à un moment donné de l'espace géographique. Les conflits autour de l'eau se multiplient dans le monde, y compris en Amazonie malgré l'abondance d'eau dans cet écosystème. L'Amazonie a toujours été occupée par des peuples indigènes et traditionnels qui utilisent la forêt pour subvenir à leurs besoins. Mais leurs modes de vie, rites et coutumes se heurtent souvent à des projets qui cherchent une autre forme d'appropriation de l'eau du bassin amazonien. Le résultat est la menace d'extinction des peuples, qui sont empêchés de maintenir leurs coutumes traditionnelles. Cette situation se produit sur la Volta Grande du fleuve Xingu, qui a été directement touchée par la construction de la Centrale Hydroélectrique de Belo Monte. Le barrage de l'eau a rendu la rivière inconnue du peuple Yudjá, car les oscillations hydrographiques du passé ont été modifiées. Le fleuve est devenu méconnu car il n'offre pas également les services environnementaux fondamentaux pour la reproduction du mode d'existence du peuple. Les poissons ne sont plus présents comme avant et les crues et reflux ont également changé. Cet article vise à soutenir les discussions sur les conflits, en particulier ceux impliquant l'eau, à travers une analyse du conflit généré entre le peuple Yudjá et l'installation de la Centrale Hydroélectrique de Belo Monte. La méthodologie utilisée est l'analyse documentaire et bibliographique. Le travail ai révélé que la réduction des volumes d'eau compromettait le mode de vie d'un peuple originel. Les tensions qui ont résulté de l'appropriation de l'eau ne sont pas encore résolues et peuvent accroître l'injustice environnementale causée par l'imposition d'un usage de l'eau, c'est-à-dire la génération d'énergie, la superposant aux pratiques traditionnelles du peuple Yudjá. Mots-clés: Conflits d'eau; Yudjá; Centrale Hydroélectrique Belo Monte.EDUNIOESTE (Editora da UNIOESTE)2022-12-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/ambientes/article/view/2997610.48075/amb.v4i2.29976AMBIENTES: Revista de Geografia e Ecologia Política; v. 4 n. 2 (2022): Segundo Semestre; 201-2262674-6816reponame:Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão)instname:Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)instacron:UNIOESTEporhttps://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/ambientes/article/view/29976/21347http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTozi, Shirley CapelaRibeiro, Wagner Costa2023-07-07T20:04:38Zoai:ojs.e-revista.unioeste.br:article/29976Revistahttps://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/ambientesPUBhttps://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/ambientes/oairevista.ambientes@unioeste.br2674-68162674-6816opendoar:2023-07-07T20:04:38Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
Conflits pour l'eau en Amazonie: Le cas des peuples indigènes Yudjá et la Centrale Hydroélectrique Belo Monte
Conflitos pela água na Amazônia: O caso do povo indígena Yudjá e a Usina Hidrelétrica Belo Monte
title Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
spellingShingle Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
Tozi, Shirley Capela
title_short Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
title_full Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
title_fullStr Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
title_full_unstemmed Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
title_sort Water conflicts in the Amazon: The case of the indigenous people Yudjá and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant
author Tozi, Shirley Capela
author_facet Tozi, Shirley Capela
Ribeiro, Wagner Costa
author_role author
author2 Ribeiro, Wagner Costa
author2_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Tozi, Shirley Capela
Ribeiro, Wagner Costa
description Conflicts are objects of study of geographic knowledge and arise for several reasons. They can result from tensions that occur at a given moment in geographic space. Conflicts over water are increasing worldwide, including in the Amazon despite the abundance of water in this ecosystem. The Amazon has always been occupied by indigenous and traditional peoples who use the forest to meet their needs. But their ways of life, rites and customs often confront projects that seek another form of appropriation of water from the Amazon basin. The result is the threat of extinction of peoples, who are prevented from maintaining their traditional customs. This situation occurs on the Volta Grande of the Xingu River, which was directly affected by the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The damming of the water made the river unknown to the Yudjá people, since the hydrographic oscillations of the past were altered. The river has become unknown because it does not equally offer the fundamental environmental services for the reproduction of the people's way of existing. The fish are no longer present as before and the floods and ebbs have also changed. This article aims to support discussions on conflict, especially those involving water, through an analysis of the conflict generated between the original Yudjá people and the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The methodology used is documental and bibliographical analysis. The research revealed that the reduction of water volumes compromised the way of life of an original people. The tensions that resulted from the appropriation of water have not yet been resolved and may increase the environmental injustice caused by the imposition of a use of water, that is, the generation of energy, superimposing it on the traditional practices of the Yudjá people. Keywords: Water-conflict; Yudjá; Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-12-28
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10.48075/amb.v4i2.29976
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publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDUNIOESTE (Editora da UNIOESTE)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv AMBIENTES: Revista de Geografia e Ecologia Política; v. 4 n. 2 (2022): Segundo Semestre; 201-226
2674-6816
reponame:Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão)
instname:Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)
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instacron_str UNIOESTE
institution UNIOESTE
reponame_str Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão)
collection Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Ambientes (Francisco Beltrão) - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv revista.ambientes@unioeste.br
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