Avaliação térmica e estrutural do bagaço de cana de açúcar pré-tratado com ozônio, ultrassom e micro-ondas para produção de etanol celulósico por hidrólise enzimática

• Autor(a) principal: Perrone, Olavo Micali [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127894; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/14-09-2015/000846745.pdf
• topic: Quimica; Hidrolise; Bagaço de cana; Ozonólise; Ultrassom; Microondas; Etanol celulósico

In Brazil ethanol is produced mainly from sugar cane, fiber sugarcane bagasse is mainly composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, which can produce cellulosic ethanol from saccharification of cellulose present in this fiber. To get to cellulosic ethanol by enzymatic hydrolysis requires at least four stages: pre-treatment; enzymatic hydrolysis; alcoholic fermentation of the sugars and distillation for obtaining cellulosic ethanol. In this context the focus of this work was to pretreatment of bagasse using ultrasound, microwave and ozone in order to find the best treatment for modification of this fiber, to increase the enzyme yield. After treatment, the resulting fiber was used in enzymatic hydrolysis and chemical, thermal and structurally analysis by the techniques: TGA (thermogravimetry), FTIR-ATR (infrared spectroscopy), HPLC (liquid chromatography), SEM, TEM (scanning electron microscopy and transmission) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The results obtained by these analyzes were compared to the yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis and the content of alcoholic fermentation inhibiting compounds. With the use of FTIR-ATR was able to see the effect of the treatments in the various regions of the fiber and demonstrate the reduction of lignin. From the thermal analysis by TGA was observed that the higher thermal stability of the samples is largely related to the degree of the cellulose present in the fiber after treatment, with the XRD analysis it was determined that the crystalline cellulose is not affected during the pre- treatment. The scanning electron microscopy allowed observing the changes caused on the fiber surface after treatment, while the transmission electron microscopy allowed observing the secondary cell wall is the most affected by ozone treatment. Treatments with ozone in alkaline medium showed low amount of inhibiting compounds and better yields during hydrolysis, especially when...