Atividade enzimática no solo e dinâmica de carbono e nitrogênio em pastos de capim-tanzânia sob índices de área foliar residual

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Victor Costa e [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/121952
• topic: Enzimas; Dioxido de carbono; Liteira (Entulho); Solos - Teor de nitrogenio; Capim-Tanzânia; Enzymes

The production of ruminants under grazing has been identified as major contributors to emissions of environmentally thermogenic gases. However, studies show that pasture, if well managed, can become mitigating these gases. Therefore, the objective of this study was quantify the stocks of carbon, nitrogen soil, the chemical composition of litter, CO2 emission, temperature and enzyme activity in soil of pastures of tanzaniagrass subjected to different intensities of rotational grazing. The experiment was conducted at the Goat Breeding UNESP - Jaboticabal from December 2010 to May 2012. The treatments consisted of three levels of residual leaf area index (rLAI) (0.8, 1.6, 2.4) in split plot arrangement in the time with four blocks used for the tests, totaling 12 experimental units. The rLAI were measured through the canopy analyzer. The criterion for entrance of animals used was 95% (LI), remaining until the target was reached rLAI. The variables evaluated were: production of herbage mass, chemical composition of litter, carbon stocks and soil nitrogen, CO2, temperature and enzyme activity in the soil, which evaluated the enzymes cellulase, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase. The pastures of tanzania grass were affected by increasing rLAI dry weight of stem (DHS) variable pre grazing (P=0.0353) and after grazing the dry mass of leaves (DML) increased with rising rLAI (P=0.0214). In the variable chemical composition of litter, was evaluated organic matter (OM), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), relation carbon:nitrogen (C:N), phosphorus (P) and lignin. Only phosphorus (P) showed interaction (P <0.05) between rLAI and days of incubation. For the other variables there was no effect of treatments, only incubation times were significant (P<0.05). The contents of C and N and soil C stocks and soil N had no significant effect (P> 0.05) for rLAI where only evaluated depths was significant (P <0.05), being higher in surface and decreasing in ...