In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213109 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188866 |
Resumo: | Brazil has the highest biodiversity of native stingless bees in the world. However, Brazilian regulations are based on protocols standardized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which uses Apis mellifera as a model organism. The safety of the use of an exotic species as a substitute for a native species is a problem that concerns members of the academy and the government agencies responsible for studies of this nature in the neotropical regions where there are occurrences of stingless bee species. Regarding the exposure of larvae to pesticides, several indicators suggest that the same rearing method for A. mellifera cannot be applied to stingless bees, mainly because of their different feeding systems. Thus, it is necessary to establish an in vitro rearing method for native social bees. We developed a larval rearing method for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris and evaluated parameters such as the defecation rate, pupation, emergence, mortality and morphometry of the newly emerged workers. The control was represented by the morphometry of individuals that emerged from natural combs (in vivo). In addition, we determined the average lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the insecticide dimethoate, the standard active ingredient used for the validation of toxicity tests. Procedures conducted prior to the in vitro bioassays allowed us to obtain the actual dimensions of the rearing cells for making acrylic plates for use in establishing how much each larva consumes during its development, that is, determining how much larval food should be placed in every artificial cell. Tests performed with M. scutellaris indicated an average of 80.2% emergence of individuals relative to the larvae, 92.61% relative to the pupae and a mean of 7.42% larval mortality. The mean of the intertegular distance, head width and wing asymmetry parameters were not significantly different between individuals from the in vitro and in vivo rearing methods. The LC 50 value determined was 27.48 ng dimethoate / μL diet. The method described for M. scutellaris showed development rates above OECD standards, which requires at least 75% emergence, and produced newly emerged workers with similar dimensions to those produced under natural conditions; thus these results enable their use as a rearing protocol for this species (or genus) and, consequently, their use in toxicity tests. The results produced with M. scutellaris are the first steps for a proposed toxicity test protocol for stingless bee larvae that can be standardized and included as a protocol in the OECD. |
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In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studiesBrazil has the highest biodiversity of native stingless bees in the world. However, Brazilian regulations are based on protocols standardized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which uses Apis mellifera as a model organism. The safety of the use of an exotic species as a substitute for a native species is a problem that concerns members of the academy and the government agencies responsible for studies of this nature in the neotropical regions where there are occurrences of stingless bee species. Regarding the exposure of larvae to pesticides, several indicators suggest that the same rearing method for A. mellifera cannot be applied to stingless bees, mainly because of their different feeding systems. Thus, it is necessary to establish an in vitro rearing method for native social bees. We developed a larval rearing method for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris and evaluated parameters such as the defecation rate, pupation, emergence, mortality and morphometry of the newly emerged workers. The control was represented by the morphometry of individuals that emerged from natural combs (in vivo). In addition, we determined the average lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the insecticide dimethoate, the standard active ingredient used for the validation of toxicity tests. Procedures conducted prior to the in vitro bioassays allowed us to obtain the actual dimensions of the rearing cells for making acrylic plates for use in establishing how much each larva consumes during its development, that is, determining how much larval food should be placed in every artificial cell. Tests performed with M. scutellaris indicated an average of 80.2% emergence of individuals relative to the larvae, 92.61% relative to the pupae and a mean of 7.42% larval mortality. The mean of the intertegular distance, head width and wing asymmetry parameters were not significantly different between individuals from the in vitro and in vivo rearing methods. The LC 50 value determined was 27.48 ng dimethoate / μL diet. The method described for M. scutellaris showed development rates above OECD standards, which requires at least 75% emergence, and produced newly emerged workers with similar dimensions to those produced under natural conditions; thus these results enable their use as a rearing protocol for this species (or genus) and, consequently, their use in toxicity tests. The results produced with M. scutellaris are the first steps for a proposed toxicity test protocol for stingless bee larvae that can be standardized and included as a protocol in the OECD.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais—CEIS Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP)Instituto Tecnológico Vale–Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ITVDS) Instituto Tecnológico Vale—Belém IIDepartamento de Ciências da Natureza Matemática e Educação Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP)Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais—CEIS Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP)FAPESP: 2016/ 00328-4Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Instituto Tecnológico Vale—Belém IIUniversidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)Dorigo, Adna Suelen [UNESP]de Souza Rosa-Fontana, Annelise [UNESP]Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria [UNESP]Galaschi-Teixeira, Juliana StephanieNocelli, Roberta Cornélio FerreiraMalaspina, Osmar [UNESP]2019-10-06T16:21:47Z2019-10-06T16:21:47Z2019-03-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213109PLoS ONE, v. 14, n. 3, 2019.1932-6203http://hdl.handle.net/11449/18886610.1371/journal.pone.02131092-s2.0-8506326681975385560855058190000-0002-1650-257XScopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPLoS ONEinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-04-11T14:57:01Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/188866Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T14:27:35.707861Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
title |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
spellingShingle |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies Dorigo, Adna Suelen [UNESP] |
title_short |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
title_full |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
title_fullStr |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
title_full_unstemmed |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
title_sort |
In vitro larval rearing protocol for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris for toxicological studies |
author |
Dorigo, Adna Suelen [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Dorigo, Adna Suelen [UNESP] de Souza Rosa-Fontana, Annelise [UNESP] Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria [UNESP] Galaschi-Teixeira, Juliana Stephanie Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Malaspina, Osmar [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
de Souza Rosa-Fontana, Annelise [UNESP] Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria [UNESP] Galaschi-Teixeira, Juliana Stephanie Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Malaspina, Osmar [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Instituto Tecnológico Vale—Belém II Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Dorigo, Adna Suelen [UNESP] de Souza Rosa-Fontana, Annelise [UNESP] Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria [UNESP] Galaschi-Teixeira, Juliana Stephanie Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Malaspina, Osmar [UNESP] |
description |
Brazil has the highest biodiversity of native stingless bees in the world. However, Brazilian regulations are based on protocols standardized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which uses Apis mellifera as a model organism. The safety of the use of an exotic species as a substitute for a native species is a problem that concerns members of the academy and the government agencies responsible for studies of this nature in the neotropical regions where there are occurrences of stingless bee species. Regarding the exposure of larvae to pesticides, several indicators suggest that the same rearing method for A. mellifera cannot be applied to stingless bees, mainly because of their different feeding systems. Thus, it is necessary to establish an in vitro rearing method for native social bees. We developed a larval rearing method for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris and evaluated parameters such as the defecation rate, pupation, emergence, mortality and morphometry of the newly emerged workers. The control was represented by the morphometry of individuals that emerged from natural combs (in vivo). In addition, we determined the average lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the insecticide dimethoate, the standard active ingredient used for the validation of toxicity tests. Procedures conducted prior to the in vitro bioassays allowed us to obtain the actual dimensions of the rearing cells for making acrylic plates for use in establishing how much each larva consumes during its development, that is, determining how much larval food should be placed in every artificial cell. Tests performed with M. scutellaris indicated an average of 80.2% emergence of individuals relative to the larvae, 92.61% relative to the pupae and a mean of 7.42% larval mortality. The mean of the intertegular distance, head width and wing asymmetry parameters were not significantly different between individuals from the in vitro and in vivo rearing methods. The LC 50 value determined was 27.48 ng dimethoate / μL diet. The method described for M. scutellaris showed development rates above OECD standards, which requires at least 75% emergence, and produced newly emerged workers with similar dimensions to those produced under natural conditions; thus these results enable their use as a rearing protocol for this species (or genus) and, consequently, their use in toxicity tests. The results produced with M. scutellaris are the first steps for a proposed toxicity test protocol for stingless bee larvae that can be standardized and included as a protocol in the OECD. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-06T16:21:47Z 2019-10-06T16:21:47Z 2019-03-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213109 PLoS ONE, v. 14, n. 3, 2019. 1932-6203 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188866 10.1371/journal.pone.0213109 2-s2.0-85063266819 7538556085505819 0000-0002-1650-257X |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213109 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188866 |
identifier_str_mv |
PLoS ONE, v. 14, n. 3, 2019. 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0213109 2-s2.0-85063266819 7538556085505819 0000-0002-1650-257X |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
PLoS ONE |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
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1808128362695098368 |