Reconhecimento geofísico em aquífero fraturado em Caçapava do Sul (RS): análise comparativa entre arranjos de tomografia elétrica

• Autor(a) principal: Bortolozzo, Rômulo [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/203189; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2018-12-11/000908946.pdf
• topic: Águas subterrâneas; Aquiferos; Geofisica; Hidrogeologia; Caçapava do Sul (RS)

The groundwater exploration is an alternative that has been growing in Brazil, especially in regions that lack surface or peripheral sources to conventional distribution systems. Fractured aquifers consist of complex systems where water percolation occurs through discontinuities such as faults and fractures. The location of productive wells in these environments becomes a major challenge, since most of the resulting wells are dry or have unsatisfactory flow rates. Geophysics comprises a set of indirect subsurface research tools that allow the evaluation of the geological environment through the contrast of physical properties of materials such as electrical resistivity. The geophysical methods have been widely used in hydrogeological studies, mainly through the technique of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ETR), which allows the detection of fractured zones with aquifer potential from the processing of 2D inversion and 3D visualization models. This work accomplishes a reconnaissance of flow structures in a fractured aquifer in the region of Caçapava do Sul (RS), through the application of the geophysical method of Eletroresistivity through the technique of Electrical Tomography in Dipole-Dipole, Schlumberger and Wenner arrangements. Structural data obtained in massive and unaltered granite outcrops close to the study area served as the basis for a comparative analysis between the models generated for each arrangement in order to define the most appropriate and consistent with the geological reality. The products related to the Schlumberger arrangement, unlike the others, allowed the modeling of a low resistivity surface, which was related to a family of water saturated fractures recognized in the field. The crossing of the structural data with the 3D model of isosurface allowed to indicate a promising place to the abstraction of underground water