Economia comportamental aplicada a políticas públicas: o fenômeno do Nudge na construção de novas políticas públicas

• Autor(a) principal: Fuso, Amanda de Moraes [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/205111
• topic: Behavioral Economics; Policy Building; Economia Comportamental; Nudge; Construção de políticas

The field of behavioral economics, which is a novelty in the Economic Theory and has been explored in the past five decades, has increasingly conceived evidence that human behavior distances, in a systematic and meaningful way, from the idealization defended by Economy - the Homo Economicus, or Econ, that follows maximizing standards, and which is totally rational, contains all of the information it might need to make decisions. This re-read on man and his real architecture of choices has new perspectives and tools that allow us to help in the improvement of all the areas that until now used the conception of Econ. In the case of this work, this new vision is applied to the construction of Public Policies. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the main characteristics of Behavioral Economics, with the identification of the nudge approach - the aspect of the architecture of choices that alters the behavior of people in a predictable way - in order to search within this new approach in particular. The specific objectives of this work are to understand how Economy characterizes the man and his choices, as the Behavioral Economy makes a new reading on this, and then to explore the particularities of the nudge phenomenon, which would be the architecture aspect of choices, directing them to more beneficial choices. From the development of the research it can be concluded that a better understanding on human behavior can improve policy formulation. In this sense, the use of behaviorally oriented interventions seems to have a wide scope to improve their efficiency and effectiveness, considering that one of the fundamental roles of government is to empower citizens, that is, to provide a framework by which people can make well-informed and appropriate life choices. Create a guidance system so that people can make important choices about how much they want to eat, drink and exercise is a challenge. However, approximate solutions are far better than no solution at all. Wherever the challenge is too great for the government, academia, or consultancy, it is certainly not to be expected that individuals individually will lead the way to making the best decisions without any assistance. Governments need to be open to involving behavioral experts when programs are designed. In a world marked by increasing complexity, one cannot but understand the concrete human being who is both the formulator and object of public policy and development projects