Análise espacial dos remanescentes florestais da região do Pontal do Paranapanema-SP (UGRHI-22) sob a perspectiva da ecologia da paisagem

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Breno Vasconcelos de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/210944
• topic: Patch analyst; Landscape metrics; Forest fragments; Land use and occupation; Métricas de paisaje; Fragmentos de bosque; Uso y ocupación del suelo; Métricas da paisagem; Fragmentos florestais; Uso e ocupação do solo; Pontal do Paranapanema-SP

This work aimed to outline the environmental quality panorama of the forest remnants of the Water Resources Management Unit Pontal do Paranapanema (UGRHI-22), located in the extreme west of the state of São Paulo. For this, we use the database of geographic information provided by the Brazilian Foundation for Sustainable Development (FBDS), working with such data in the computational context of the ArcGis® 10.5 software. The analysis undertaken was based on the set of metrics related to the studies of Landscape Ecology, thus enabling the generation of results of a quantitative nature regarding the structure of the studied landscape. More specifically, the calculations performed sought to identify the area, shape, variability, number of edges, situation of the central areas and the proximity between such fragments - using, for that, the Patch Analyst and V-LATE extensions. Initially, the processing of information and map generation of forest fragments in the region was carried out in order to establish the classification of these fragments in four size classes and also for the general landscape context (without class distinction). By performing the calculations for the five contexts mentioned above, we were able to obtain dissimilar results, denoting different environmental conditions for each class observed. In all, 4,823 forest fragments with a size greater than 1 ha were identified, equivalent to an occupation of 8.56% of the 1,233,389 ha of the cut in question. The calculation of the metrics made it possible to become aware of the situation of these fragments, indicating that they tend to have reduced sizes, irregular shapes, little abundant central areas and great distances between their closest neighbors. Also, we found that the largest fragments represent the best-preserved habitat patches; to the detriment of smaller fragments, usually compromised by reaching 50m of the edge effects for the type of vegetation in the region.