Comunidade de espécies espontâneas em uma área de cerrado em restauração ecológica

• Autor(a) principal: Toledo Junior, Ari Francisco de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/214456
• topic: Degraded area; Floristics; Phytosociology; Natural regeneration; Savannah restoration; Área degradada; Florística; Fitossociologia; Regeneração natural; Restauração do cerrado

A technique for restoring degraded areas of the Brazilian savannah is the introduction of native species through the planting of seedlings associated with natural regeneration. The species from natural regeneration constitute the spontaneous plant community in the area under restoration. Our aim was to characterize the composition and structure of the spontaneous woody species community in a Brazilian savannah area under ecological restoration. We conducted a floristic and phytosociological survey, using as inclusion criteria all individuals with height greater than 50 cm. We divide the community into two components, regenerating and remaining. We designate regenerating component, the one formed by woody individuals with stem perimeter at breast height absent or less than 15 cm and remaining component, the one formed by woody individuals with stem perimeter at breast height equal to or greater than 15 cm. We estimated the height and diameter of individuals, indicated the species' habit and dispersal syndrome and determined the phytosociological parameters and Shannon-Wiener diversity and transformed Simpson concentration indices. We found that the community of spontaneous woody species had 159 individuals, belonging to 19 species, of 19 genera and 12 families and a density of 417.3 individuals/ha, with the regenerating component being the most abundant and rich in species. We verified that in the regenerating component the shrubby and anemochoric individuals prevailed and in the remaining component, arboreal and zoochoric individuals. We observed that most of the spontaneous woody species presented height less than 1.5 m and 7 a diameter less than 2 cm. We found an intermediate diversity in the studied community, where few species concentrate the highest values of importance. In the study area, although natural regeneration is slow due to soil compaction, this process of natural regeneration promotes an increase in abundance, richness and ecological complexity in the area under restoration by planting native savannah seedlings.