Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension
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Publication Date: | 2018 |
Other Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | eng |
Source: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Download full: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188432 |
Summary: | Background: Heated water-based exercise (HEx) promotes a marked reduction of blood pressure (BP), but it is not entirely clear whether its effects on BP persist after cessation of HEx. Methods: We analyzed the effects of cessation of HEx on 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). Thirty-two patients (aged 53 ± 6 years) with RH (4 to 6 antihypertensive drugs) were randomly assigned to HEx (n = 16) or control (n = 16) groups. Antihypertensive therapy remained unchanged during the protocol. The HEx group participated in 36 sessions (60 minutes) in a heated pool (32oC [89.6°F]) for 12 weeks (training), followed by 12 weeks of cessation of training. The control group was evaluated during the same period and instructed to maintain their habitual activities. Results: HEx and control groups had similar BP levels at baseline. HEx training reduced the 24-hour systolic (–19.5 ± 4.6 vs 3.0 ± 0.7 mm Hg, P = 0.001) and diastolic BP (–11.1 ± 2.4 vs 2.06 ± 0.9 mm Hg, P = 0.001) at week 12, compared with the control group. After 12 weeks of training cessation (week 24), 24-hour BP remained significantly lower in the HEx group than in the control group (–9.6 ± 3.8 vs 6.3 ± 3.5 mm Hg, P = 0.01 and –7.5±2.2 vs 2.2 ± 1.0 mm Hg, P = 0.009, for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively), although these differences were attenuated. Conclusions: BP remained lower after cessation of 12-week training among patients with RH who underwent HEx compared with the controls. The carryover effects of HEx on BP may help to overcome the challenging problem of exercise compliance in long-term follow-up. |
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Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant HypertensionBackground: Heated water-based exercise (HEx) promotes a marked reduction of blood pressure (BP), but it is not entirely clear whether its effects on BP persist after cessation of HEx. Methods: We analyzed the effects of cessation of HEx on 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). Thirty-two patients (aged 53 ± 6 years) with RH (4 to 6 antihypertensive drugs) were randomly assigned to HEx (n = 16) or control (n = 16) groups. Antihypertensive therapy remained unchanged during the protocol. The HEx group participated in 36 sessions (60 minutes) in a heated pool (32oC [89.6°F]) for 12 weeks (training), followed by 12 weeks of cessation of training. The control group was evaluated during the same period and instructed to maintain their habitual activities. Results: HEx and control groups had similar BP levels at baseline. HEx training reduced the 24-hour systolic (–19.5 ± 4.6 vs 3.0 ± 0.7 mm Hg, P = 0.001) and diastolic BP (–11.1 ± 2.4 vs 2.06 ± 0.9 mm Hg, P = 0.001) at week 12, compared with the control group. After 12 weeks of training cessation (week 24), 24-hour BP remained significantly lower in the HEx group than in the control group (–9.6 ± 3.8 vs 6.3 ± 3.5 mm Hg, P = 0.01 and –7.5±2.2 vs 2.2 ± 1.0 mm Hg, P = 0.009, for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively), although these differences were attenuated. Conclusions: BP remained lower after cessation of 12-week training among patients with RH who underwent HEx compared with the controls. The carryover effects of HEx on BP may help to overcome the challenging problem of exercise compliance in long-term follow-up.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Heart Institute Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences Campus Bauru Physical Education Department Exercise and Chronic Disease Research LaboratorySão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences Campus Bauru Physical Education Department Exercise and Chronic Disease Research LaboratoryFAPESP: # 2010/15649-4CNPq: # 301957/2014-2CNPq: # 474979/2013Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Guimãraes, Guilherme VeigaFernandes-Silva, Miguel MoritaDrager, Luciano Ferreirade Barros Cruz, Lais GalvaniCastro, Rafael ErtnerCiolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP]Bocchi, Edimar Alcides2019-10-06T16:07:51Z2019-10-06T16:07:51Z2018-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article1641-1647http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013Canadian Journal of Cardiology, v. 34, n. 12, p. 1641-1647, 2018.0828-282Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/18843210.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.0132-s2.0-85057554580Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengCanadian Journal of Cardiologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-04-24T18:53:09Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/188432Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T15:57:10.518812Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
title |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
spellingShingle |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension Guimãraes, Guilherme Veiga |
title_short |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
title_full |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
title_fullStr |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
title_sort |
Hypotensive Effect of Heated Water-Based Exercise Persists After 12-Week Cessation of Training in Patients With Resistant Hypertension |
author |
Guimãraes, Guilherme Veiga |
author_facet |
Guimãraes, Guilherme Veiga Fernandes-Silva, Miguel Morita Drager, Luciano Ferreira de Barros Cruz, Lais Galvani Castro, Rafael Ertner Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP] Bocchi, Edimar Alcides |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Fernandes-Silva, Miguel Morita Drager, Luciano Ferreira de Barros Cruz, Lais Galvani Castro, Rafael Ertner Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP] Bocchi, Edimar Alcides |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Guimãraes, Guilherme Veiga Fernandes-Silva, Miguel Morita Drager, Luciano Ferreira de Barros Cruz, Lais Galvani Castro, Rafael Ertner Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP] Bocchi, Edimar Alcides |
description |
Background: Heated water-based exercise (HEx) promotes a marked reduction of blood pressure (BP), but it is not entirely clear whether its effects on BP persist after cessation of HEx. Methods: We analyzed the effects of cessation of HEx on 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). Thirty-two patients (aged 53 ± 6 years) with RH (4 to 6 antihypertensive drugs) were randomly assigned to HEx (n = 16) or control (n = 16) groups. Antihypertensive therapy remained unchanged during the protocol. The HEx group participated in 36 sessions (60 minutes) in a heated pool (32oC [89.6°F]) for 12 weeks (training), followed by 12 weeks of cessation of training. The control group was evaluated during the same period and instructed to maintain their habitual activities. Results: HEx and control groups had similar BP levels at baseline. HEx training reduced the 24-hour systolic (–19.5 ± 4.6 vs 3.0 ± 0.7 mm Hg, P = 0.001) and diastolic BP (–11.1 ± 2.4 vs 2.06 ± 0.9 mm Hg, P = 0.001) at week 12, compared with the control group. After 12 weeks of training cessation (week 24), 24-hour BP remained significantly lower in the HEx group than in the control group (–9.6 ± 3.8 vs 6.3 ± 3.5 mm Hg, P = 0.01 and –7.5±2.2 vs 2.2 ± 1.0 mm Hg, P = 0.009, for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively), although these differences were attenuated. Conclusions: BP remained lower after cessation of 12-week training among patients with RH who underwent HEx compared with the controls. The carryover effects of HEx on BP may help to overcome the challenging problem of exercise compliance in long-term follow-up. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-12-01 2019-10-06T16:07:51Z 2019-10-06T16:07:51Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013 Canadian Journal of Cardiology, v. 34, n. 12, p. 1641-1647, 2018. 0828-282X http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188432 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013 2-s2.0-85057554580 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/188432 |
identifier_str_mv |
Canadian Journal of Cardiology, v. 34, n. 12, p. 1641-1647, 2018. 0828-282X 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.09.013 2-s2.0-85057554580 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Canadian Journal of Cardiology |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
1641-1647 |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808128585487089664 |