The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198530 |
Resumo: | Heterostyly is a floral polymorphism that reduces conflicts between sexual functions (sexual interference), such as self-pollination in self-incompatible flowers and loss of pollen to incompatible stigmas. In many distylous pollination systems, there is a remarkable structural fit between the stigmas of each morph and the part of the pollinator body where compatible (disassortative) pollen is deposited. Nevertheless, inter-morph pollen transfer is often asymmetrical, with short-styled flowers (S-morph) receiving less compatible pollen than long-styled flowers (L-morph). One way to reduce the problem of sexual interference in short-styled flowers is to place stigmas outside of the flower centre, as seen in three-dimensionally (3D) heterostylous flowers. Heterostyly in Turnera has been extensively studied; however, 3D heterostyly has not been previously reported in this genus. The aims of this study were: 1) to elucidate the pollination system of T. subulata; and 2) to assess whether 3D heterostyly promotes disassortative pollination and reduces self-pollination in short-styled flowers in this taxon. The study population of Turnera subulata exhibited an isoplethic (1:1) ratio, with two well-defined morphs, and a high floral accuracy index for both morphs. Results from an experiment in which we manipulated the 3D orientation of the style showed that compatible crosses were favoured by the 3D flower morphology, consistent with a high floral accuracy. Our results also demonstrate the functional importance of 3D heterostyly in reducing intramorph pollination, as it increases the amount of cross pollen reaching the S-morph flowers. Our results provide the first observation of the presence of 3D heterostyly in this well-studied species and demonstrate the importance of this kind of morphological specialization in ensuring efficiency in an ecologically generalized pollination system. |
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The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae)Disassortative pollinationFloral accuracyGeneralized pollination systemL-morph flowerS-morph flowerHeterostyly is a floral polymorphism that reduces conflicts between sexual functions (sexual interference), such as self-pollination in self-incompatible flowers and loss of pollen to incompatible stigmas. In many distylous pollination systems, there is a remarkable structural fit between the stigmas of each morph and the part of the pollinator body where compatible (disassortative) pollen is deposited. Nevertheless, inter-morph pollen transfer is often asymmetrical, with short-styled flowers (S-morph) receiving less compatible pollen than long-styled flowers (L-morph). One way to reduce the problem of sexual interference in short-styled flowers is to place stigmas outside of the flower centre, as seen in three-dimensionally (3D) heterostylous flowers. Heterostyly in Turnera has been extensively studied; however, 3D heterostyly has not been previously reported in this genus. The aims of this study were: 1) to elucidate the pollination system of T. subulata; and 2) to assess whether 3D heterostyly promotes disassortative pollination and reduces self-pollination in short-styled flowers in this taxon. The study population of Turnera subulata exhibited an isoplethic (1:1) ratio, with two well-defined morphs, and a high floral accuracy index for both morphs. Results from an experiment in which we manipulated the 3D orientation of the style showed that compatible crosses were favoured by the 3D flower morphology, consistent with a high floral accuracy. Our results also demonstrate the functional importance of 3D heterostyly in reducing intramorph pollination, as it increases the amount of cross pollen reaching the S-morph flowers. Our results provide the first observation of the presence of 3D heterostyly in this well-studied species and demonstrate the importance of this kind of morphological specialization in ensuring efficiency in an ecologically generalized pollination system.Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Licenciatura em Educação do CampoPlant Morphology Lab Biosciences Institute Coastal Campus São Paulo State University UNESPDepartamento de Biologia Animal Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Departament of Ecology Institude of Entomology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesSchool of Biological Sciences University of PortsmouthPlant Morphology Lab Biosciences Institute Coastal Campus São Paulo State University UNESPUniversidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthRech, André RodrigoAchkar, Marina Teixeira [UNESP]Jorge, Leonardo RéArmbruster, W. ScottAlmeida, Odair J.G.2020-12-12T01:15:25Z2020-12-12T01:15:25Z2020-03-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, v. 264.0367-2530http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19853010.1016/j.flora.2020.1515592-s2.0-85079529498Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengFlora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plantsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-22T13:32:12Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/198530Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T23:06:00.315516Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
title |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
spellingShingle |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) Rech, André Rodrigo Disassortative pollination Floral accuracy Generalized pollination system L-morph flower S-morph flower |
title_short |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
title_full |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
title_fullStr |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
title_sort |
The functional roles of 3D heterostyly and floral visitors in the reproductive biology of Turnera subulata (Turneroideae: Passifloraceae) |
author |
Rech, André Rodrigo |
author_facet |
Rech, André Rodrigo Achkar, Marina Teixeira [UNESP] Jorge, Leonardo Ré Armbruster, W. Scott Almeida, Odair J.G. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Achkar, Marina Teixeira [UNESP] Jorge, Leonardo Ré Armbruster, W. Scott Almeida, Odair J.G. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences University of Portsmouth |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rech, André Rodrigo Achkar, Marina Teixeira [UNESP] Jorge, Leonardo Ré Armbruster, W. Scott Almeida, Odair J.G. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Disassortative pollination Floral accuracy Generalized pollination system L-morph flower S-morph flower |
topic |
Disassortative pollination Floral accuracy Generalized pollination system L-morph flower S-morph flower |
description |
Heterostyly is a floral polymorphism that reduces conflicts between sexual functions (sexual interference), such as self-pollination in self-incompatible flowers and loss of pollen to incompatible stigmas. In many distylous pollination systems, there is a remarkable structural fit between the stigmas of each morph and the part of the pollinator body where compatible (disassortative) pollen is deposited. Nevertheless, inter-morph pollen transfer is often asymmetrical, with short-styled flowers (S-morph) receiving less compatible pollen than long-styled flowers (L-morph). One way to reduce the problem of sexual interference in short-styled flowers is to place stigmas outside of the flower centre, as seen in three-dimensionally (3D) heterostylous flowers. Heterostyly in Turnera has been extensively studied; however, 3D heterostyly has not been previously reported in this genus. The aims of this study were: 1) to elucidate the pollination system of T. subulata; and 2) to assess whether 3D heterostyly promotes disassortative pollination and reduces self-pollination in short-styled flowers in this taxon. The study population of Turnera subulata exhibited an isoplethic (1:1) ratio, with two well-defined morphs, and a high floral accuracy index for both morphs. Results from an experiment in which we manipulated the 3D orientation of the style showed that compatible crosses were favoured by the 3D flower morphology, consistent with a high floral accuracy. Our results also demonstrate the functional importance of 3D heterostyly in reducing intramorph pollination, as it increases the amount of cross pollen reaching the S-morph flowers. Our results provide the first observation of the presence of 3D heterostyly in this well-studied species and demonstrate the importance of this kind of morphological specialization in ensuring efficiency in an ecologically generalized pollination system. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-12-12T01:15:25Z 2020-12-12T01:15:25Z 2020-03-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559 Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, v. 264. 0367-2530 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198530 10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559 2-s2.0-85079529498 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198530 |
identifier_str_mv |
Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, v. 264. 0367-2530 10.1016/j.flora.2020.151559 2-s2.0-85079529498 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129490195316736 |