Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/168652 |
Resumo: | Water contamination is one of the factors influencing the decline of amphibians. Flutamide is an antiandrogenic medicine that occurs as water contaminant. This compound especially affects the reproductive organs, but it can also show hepatotoxic effects. The Bufonidae family has a peculiar organ named Bidder's organ, considered by some authors as a rudimentary ovary, but capable to respond to some external stimuli. This study investigated flutamide effects on testes and Bidder's organ germ cells, liver pigmentation, and sexual hormones levels in Rhinella schneideri males. We randomly divided 15 males in three groups (N = 5): two groups were injected with flutamide, at 1 and 5 mg/kg, while the control group received only mineral oil, for 7 days. After euthanasia, blood samples were collected and the organs were sent to histological routine. In the testes, both treatments caused an increase in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and a decrease in spermatozoa and locular area. In the Bidder's organ, the final diplotene oocytes increased, but the initial diplotene, degrading and atresic oocytes reduced in both treatments. The lipofuscin in the Bidder's organ was not affected. In the liver, melanin and lipofuscin increased only for the 1 mg/kg flutamide treatment. The 5 mg/kg treatment did not affect the liver. Serum testosterone and estradiol levels did not vary compared with the control group. This compound has antiandrogenic activity, which can affect the spermatogenetic process. The decrease in degrading and atresic Bidderian oocytes indicated that flutamide could stimulate the organ, retarding the degradation processes. The increase in liver melanin, which has protective role, and lipofuscin, a sign of degradation, indicates that flutamide cause hepatotoxic effects. So we conclude that flutamide negatively affects the testes, especially by reducing the sperm area, and the liver, inducing cell degradation and producing protective responses. Furthermore, the compound encourages lower degradation rates of the Bidder's organ germ cells. |
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Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideriBidder's organBufonidaeEndocrine disruptingEstradiolHepatic pigmentationTestisTestosteroneWater contamination is one of the factors influencing the decline of amphibians. Flutamide is an antiandrogenic medicine that occurs as water contaminant. This compound especially affects the reproductive organs, but it can also show hepatotoxic effects. The Bufonidae family has a peculiar organ named Bidder's organ, considered by some authors as a rudimentary ovary, but capable to respond to some external stimuli. This study investigated flutamide effects on testes and Bidder's organ germ cells, liver pigmentation, and sexual hormones levels in Rhinella schneideri males. We randomly divided 15 males in three groups (N = 5): two groups were injected with flutamide, at 1 and 5 mg/kg, while the control group received only mineral oil, for 7 days. After euthanasia, blood samples were collected and the organs were sent to histological routine. In the testes, both treatments caused an increase in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and a decrease in spermatozoa and locular area. In the Bidder's organ, the final diplotene oocytes increased, but the initial diplotene, degrading and atresic oocytes reduced in both treatments. The lipofuscin in the Bidder's organ was not affected. In the liver, melanin and lipofuscin increased only for the 1 mg/kg flutamide treatment. The 5 mg/kg treatment did not affect the liver. Serum testosterone and estradiol levels did not vary compared with the control group. This compound has antiandrogenic activity, which can affect the spermatogenetic process. The decrease in degrading and atresic Bidderian oocytes indicated that flutamide could stimulate the organ, retarding the degradation processes. The increase in liver melanin, which has protective role, and lipofuscin, a sign of degradation, indicates that flutamide cause hepatotoxic effects. So we conclude that flutamide negatively affects the testes, especially by reducing the sperm area, and the liver, inducing cell degradation and producing protective responses. Furthermore, the compound encourages lower degradation rates of the Bidder's organ germ cells.Graduate Program in Animal Biology UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista Biology Department, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista Biology Department, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265USP-Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências Physiology DepartmentGraduate Program in Animal Biology UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista Biology Department, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista Biology Department, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade de São Paulo (USP)de Gregorio, Lara S. [UNESP]Franco-Belussi, Lilian [UNESP]Gomes, Fernando R.de Oliveira, Classius [UNESP]2018-12-11T16:42:23Z2018-12-11T16:42:23Z2016-07-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article181-189application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022Aquatic Toxicology, v. 176, p. 181-189.1879-15140166-445Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/16865210.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.0222-s2.0-849667024372-s2.0-84966702437.pdfScopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengAquatic Toxicology1,456info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-01-17T06:26:59Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/168652Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T23:16:19.156956Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
title |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
spellingShingle |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri de Gregorio, Lara S. [UNESP] Bidder's organ Bufonidae Endocrine disrupting Estradiol Hepatic pigmentation Testis Testosterone |
title_short |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
title_full |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
title_fullStr |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
title_full_unstemmed |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
title_sort |
Flutamide effects on morphology of reproductive organs and liver of Neotropical Anura, Rhinella schneideri |
author |
de Gregorio, Lara S. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
de Gregorio, Lara S. [UNESP] Franco-Belussi, Lilian [UNESP] Gomes, Fernando R. de Oliveira, Classius [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Franco-Belussi, Lilian [UNESP] Gomes, Fernando R. de Oliveira, Classius [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
de Gregorio, Lara S. [UNESP] Franco-Belussi, Lilian [UNESP] Gomes, Fernando R. de Oliveira, Classius [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Bidder's organ Bufonidae Endocrine disrupting Estradiol Hepatic pigmentation Testis Testosterone |
topic |
Bidder's organ Bufonidae Endocrine disrupting Estradiol Hepatic pigmentation Testis Testosterone |
description |
Water contamination is one of the factors influencing the decline of amphibians. Flutamide is an antiandrogenic medicine that occurs as water contaminant. This compound especially affects the reproductive organs, but it can also show hepatotoxic effects. The Bufonidae family has a peculiar organ named Bidder's organ, considered by some authors as a rudimentary ovary, but capable to respond to some external stimuli. This study investigated flutamide effects on testes and Bidder's organ germ cells, liver pigmentation, and sexual hormones levels in Rhinella schneideri males. We randomly divided 15 males in three groups (N = 5): two groups were injected with flutamide, at 1 and 5 mg/kg, while the control group received only mineral oil, for 7 days. After euthanasia, blood samples were collected and the organs were sent to histological routine. In the testes, both treatments caused an increase in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and a decrease in spermatozoa and locular area. In the Bidder's organ, the final diplotene oocytes increased, but the initial diplotene, degrading and atresic oocytes reduced in both treatments. The lipofuscin in the Bidder's organ was not affected. In the liver, melanin and lipofuscin increased only for the 1 mg/kg flutamide treatment. The 5 mg/kg treatment did not affect the liver. Serum testosterone and estradiol levels did not vary compared with the control group. This compound has antiandrogenic activity, which can affect the spermatogenetic process. The decrease in degrading and atresic Bidderian oocytes indicated that flutamide could stimulate the organ, retarding the degradation processes. The increase in liver melanin, which has protective role, and lipofuscin, a sign of degradation, indicates that flutamide cause hepatotoxic effects. So we conclude that flutamide negatively affects the testes, especially by reducing the sperm area, and the liver, inducing cell degradation and producing protective responses. Furthermore, the compound encourages lower degradation rates of the Bidder's organ germ cells. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-07-01 2018-12-11T16:42:23Z 2018-12-11T16:42:23Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022 Aquatic Toxicology, v. 176, p. 181-189. 1879-1514 0166-445X http://hdl.handle.net/11449/168652 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022 2-s2.0-84966702437 2-s2.0-84966702437.pdf |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/168652 |
identifier_str_mv |
Aquatic Toxicology, v. 176, p. 181-189. 1879-1514 0166-445X 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.022 2-s2.0-84966702437 2-s2.0-84966702437.pdf |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Aquatic Toxicology 1,456 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
181-189 application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129503001575424 |