Investigação de genes de resistência a carbapenêmicos, cefalosporinas e quinolonas e tipagem molecular de Enterobacter spp isolados de pacientes internados em um hospital terciário do Estado de São Paulo

• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Evelin Rodrigues [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139357
• topic: Microbiologia médica; Anti-infecciosos; Enterobacterias; Drogas - Resistência em microorganismos; Antibioticos beta-lactamicos; Tipagem molecular; Infeccão hospitalar - São José do Rio Preto (SP); Medical microbiology

The Enterobacter genus comprises facultative anaerobic bacteria, glucose fermenters and ubiquitous in nature. Currently, there are 25 species of Enterobacter spp and two which can be identified by biochemical, molecular methods or by mass spectrometry. Infections caused by Enterobacter spp are skin and soft tissues, bacteremia and pneumonia, and for the treatment of these, the most commonly used antimicrobials are carbapenems, cephalosporins and quinolones. However, antimicrobial resistance has increased the Enterobacter spp mainly due to enzymatic mechanisms encoded by plasmid genes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, investigate beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM-like, blaSHV-like, blaVEB-like, blaPER-like, blaGES-like, blaCTX-M-like), carbapenemases (blaKPC, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM, blaGES and blaOXA-48) and enzymes that confer resistance to quinolones (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac (6') - Ib-cr and qepA) and determine the genetic similarity among isolates of Enterobacter spp. Sixty isolates of Enterobacter spp resistant to carbapenems, cephalosporins ( third and fourth generation) and quinolones from patients admitted to the Base Hospital (HB), were send Laboratory - Microorganisms Research Centre the School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), where DNA extraction, the investigation of genes and molecular typing by ERIC-PCR were carried out. The blaKPC resistance gene was detected in 22% of the isolates. The genes blaTEM-like and blaCTX-M-like 82%, blaSHV-like 3% of the isolates. The group 1 CTX-M was detected in 56.5%, of group 2 in 41.3% and 8/25 group at 2.2% of the isolates. The quinolone resistance genes qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS were detected in 40% 22% 2% of the isolates, respectively. The ERIC-PCR typing by genetic generated twelve groups (G1 to G12) for E. cloacae and one group (G1) for E. aerogenes, horizontal transfer of resistance genes in some groups was observed, but the ...