Interferência da superfície de cobertura nas relações de velocidade e vazão para escoamentos pouco profundos

• Autor(a) principal: Izumida, Mayara Kaori [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/156139; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2018-02-22/000890850.pdf
• topic: Drenagem; Engenharia sanitária; Recursos hídricos - Desenvolvimento; Escoamento; Escoamento urbano; Hidrologia urbana; Potencial de escoamento

Nowadays the urban drainage is changing from the concept of a rapid removal of rainwater to alternatives that aims to an integrated urban water resources management, which concerns basics of low impact drainage, also called Low Impact Development (LID). This new approach seeks the disconnection of drainages systems, aiming to minimizing the production, allowing the detention and retention of part of superficial flow. In this scope, the compensatory techniques are built mechanisms, backing up the mitigation of direct superficial flow. These techniques strive for retain and detain the surplus volumes, minimizing the flow velocities, the peak water flows and increasing the downstream traveling time of the flood waves. In urban areas, some of the direct superficial flow takes place on plain surfaces, with bad definition of geometry and with low depths flows. These flows, present a distinct behaviour from with good geometries definitions. In this context, this paper work aimed to evaluate the direct superficial flow with low water depths with different surfaces, looking to the relations with the generated flow. Therefore, experiments were leaded with several controlled flows on sand, grass and gravel surfaces. The velocity was measured using floating objects, tracer and calculations by the water depths. The results obtained by the floating objects and tracer methods were similar, but were very different when calculated by the wet area. All surfaces studied showed distinctive reasons between the flow and velocity, and the surface that had the best performance on reducing the flow velocities was the gravel channel