Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/75118 |
Resumo: | Background: Plasmodium vivax is a widely distributed, neglected parasite that can cause malaria and death in tropical areas. It is associated with an estimated 80-300 million cases of malaria worldwide. Brazilian tropical rain forests encompass host- and vector-rich communities, in which two hypothetical mechanisms could play a role in the dynamics of malaria transmission. The first mechanism is the dilution effect caused by presence of wild warm-blooded animals, which can act as dead-end hosts to Plasmodium parasites. The second is diffuse mosquito vector competition, in which vector and non-vector mosquito species compete for blood feeding upon a defensive host. Considering that the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda calls for novel strategies to eliminate malaria transmission locally, we used mathematical modeling to assess those two mechanisms in a pristine tropical rain forest, where the primary vector is present but malaria is absent. Methodology/Principal Findings: The Ross-Macdonald model and a biodiversity-oriented model were parameterized using newly collected data and data from the literature. The basic reproduction number (R0) estimated employing Ross-Macdonald model indicated that malaria cases occur in the study location. However, no malaria cases have been reported since 1980. In contrast, the biodiversity-oriented model corroborated the absence of malaria transmission. In addition, the diffuse competition mechanism was negatively correlated with the risk of malaria transmission, which suggests a protective effect provided by the forest ecosystem. There is a non-linear, unimodal correlation between the mechanism of dead-end transmission of parasites and the risk of malaria transmission, suggesting a protective effect only under certain circumstances (e.g., a high abundance of wild warm-blooded animals). Conclusions/Significance: To achieve biological conservation and to eliminate Plasmodium parasites in human populations, the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda should take biodiversity issues into consideration. © 2013 Laporta et al. |
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Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical ForestsAnophelesbasic reproduction numberbiodiversityconservation biologydisease associationforestgeographic distributioninfection riskmalariamalaria controlmathematical modelnonhumanparasite transmissionsensitivity analysisspatial analysistropical rain forestAnimalsBiodiversityBrazilDisease OutbreaksDisease Transmission, InfectiousFemaleHumansMalaria, VivaxModels, TheoreticalTreesTropical ClimateBackground: Plasmodium vivax is a widely distributed, neglected parasite that can cause malaria and death in tropical areas. It is associated with an estimated 80-300 million cases of malaria worldwide. Brazilian tropical rain forests encompass host- and vector-rich communities, in which two hypothetical mechanisms could play a role in the dynamics of malaria transmission. The first mechanism is the dilution effect caused by presence of wild warm-blooded animals, which can act as dead-end hosts to Plasmodium parasites. The second is diffuse mosquito vector competition, in which vector and non-vector mosquito species compete for blood feeding upon a defensive host. Considering that the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda calls for novel strategies to eliminate malaria transmission locally, we used mathematical modeling to assess those two mechanisms in a pristine tropical rain forest, where the primary vector is present but malaria is absent. Methodology/Principal Findings: The Ross-Macdonald model and a biodiversity-oriented model were parameterized using newly collected data and data from the literature. The basic reproduction number (R0) estimated employing Ross-Macdonald model indicated that malaria cases occur in the study location. However, no malaria cases have been reported since 1980. In contrast, the biodiversity-oriented model corroborated the absence of malaria transmission. In addition, the diffuse competition mechanism was negatively correlated with the risk of malaria transmission, which suggests a protective effect provided by the forest ecosystem. There is a non-linear, unimodal correlation between the mechanism of dead-end transmission of parasites and the risk of malaria transmission, suggesting a protective effect only under certain circumstances (e.g., a high abundance of wild warm-blooded animals). Conclusions/Significance: To achieve biological conservation and to eliminate Plasmodium parasites in human populations, the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda should take biodiversity issues into consideration. © 2013 Laporta et al.Departamento de Epidemiologia Faculdade de Saúde Pública Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloDepartamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloInstituto de Física Teórica Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, São PauloInstituto de Física Teórica Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, São PauloUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Laporta, Gabriel ZorelloPrado, Paulo Inácio Knegt Lopez deKraenkel, Roberto André [UNESP]Coutinho, Renato Mendes [UNESP]Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb2014-05-27T11:28:55Z2014-05-27T11:28:55Z2013-04-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 7, n. 3, 2013.1935-27271935-2735http://hdl.handle.net/11449/7511810.1371/journal.pntd.0002139WOS:0003169438000522-s2.0-848760006182-s2.0-84876000618.pdfScopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases4.3672,5892,589info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-01-16T06:27:42Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/75118Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-01-16T06:27:42Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
title |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests Laporta, Gabriel Zorello Anopheles basic reproduction number biodiversity conservation biology disease association forest geographic distribution infection risk malaria malaria control mathematical model nonhuman parasite transmission sensitivity analysis spatial analysis tropical rain forest Animals Biodiversity Brazil Disease Outbreaks Disease Transmission, Infectious Female Humans Malaria, Vivax Models, Theoretical Trees Tropical Climate |
title_short |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
title_full |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
title_fullStr |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
title_sort |
Biodiversity Can Help Prevent Malaria Outbreaks in Tropical Forests |
author |
Laporta, Gabriel Zorello |
author_facet |
Laporta, Gabriel Zorello Prado, Paulo Inácio Knegt Lopez de Kraenkel, Roberto André [UNESP] Coutinho, Renato Mendes [UNESP] Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Prado, Paulo Inácio Knegt Lopez de Kraenkel, Roberto André [UNESP] Coutinho, Renato Mendes [UNESP] Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Laporta, Gabriel Zorello Prado, Paulo Inácio Knegt Lopez de Kraenkel, Roberto André [UNESP] Coutinho, Renato Mendes [UNESP] Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Anopheles basic reproduction number biodiversity conservation biology disease association forest geographic distribution infection risk malaria malaria control mathematical model nonhuman parasite transmission sensitivity analysis spatial analysis tropical rain forest Animals Biodiversity Brazil Disease Outbreaks Disease Transmission, Infectious Female Humans Malaria, Vivax Models, Theoretical Trees Tropical Climate |
topic |
Anopheles basic reproduction number biodiversity conservation biology disease association forest geographic distribution infection risk malaria malaria control mathematical model nonhuman parasite transmission sensitivity analysis spatial analysis tropical rain forest Animals Biodiversity Brazil Disease Outbreaks Disease Transmission, Infectious Female Humans Malaria, Vivax Models, Theoretical Trees Tropical Climate |
description |
Background: Plasmodium vivax is a widely distributed, neglected parasite that can cause malaria and death in tropical areas. It is associated with an estimated 80-300 million cases of malaria worldwide. Brazilian tropical rain forests encompass host- and vector-rich communities, in which two hypothetical mechanisms could play a role in the dynamics of malaria transmission. The first mechanism is the dilution effect caused by presence of wild warm-blooded animals, which can act as dead-end hosts to Plasmodium parasites. The second is diffuse mosquito vector competition, in which vector and non-vector mosquito species compete for blood feeding upon a defensive host. Considering that the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda calls for novel strategies to eliminate malaria transmission locally, we used mathematical modeling to assess those two mechanisms in a pristine tropical rain forest, where the primary vector is present but malaria is absent. Methodology/Principal Findings: The Ross-Macdonald model and a biodiversity-oriented model were parameterized using newly collected data and data from the literature. The basic reproduction number (R0) estimated employing Ross-Macdonald model indicated that malaria cases occur in the study location. However, no malaria cases have been reported since 1980. In contrast, the biodiversity-oriented model corroborated the absence of malaria transmission. In addition, the diffuse competition mechanism was negatively correlated with the risk of malaria transmission, which suggests a protective effect provided by the forest ecosystem. There is a non-linear, unimodal correlation between the mechanism of dead-end transmission of parasites and the risk of malaria transmission, suggesting a protective effect only under certain circumstances (e.g., a high abundance of wild warm-blooded animals). Conclusions/Significance: To achieve biological conservation and to eliminate Plasmodium parasites in human populations, the World Health Organization Malaria Eradication Research Agenda should take biodiversity issues into consideration. © 2013 Laporta et al. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2013-04-15 2014-05-27T11:28:55Z 2014-05-27T11:28:55Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 7, n. 3, 2013. 1935-2727 1935-2735 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/75118 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139 WOS:000316943800052 2-s2.0-84876000618 2-s2.0-84876000618.pdf |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/75118 |
identifier_str_mv |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 7, n. 3, 2013. 1935-2727 1935-2735 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002139 WOS:000316943800052 2-s2.0-84876000618 2-s2.0-84876000618.pdf |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 4.367 2,589 2,589 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1803047347360366592 |