Dinâmica populacional de Zaprionus indianus Gupta 1970 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) e caracterização de alguns aspectos biológicos

• Autor(a) principal: Matavelli, Cristiane [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/121886
• topic: Insects; Inseto; Dinâmica populacional; Mosca-do-figo; Animais - População - Valinhos (SP); Mosca-do-figo - Aspectos biológicos

Despite having been introduced in Brazil in 1999, studies involving biological aspects and population dynamics of Zaprionus indianus are still very scarce. This drosophilid, considered as a pest in fig-purple crops, has a great capacity of dispersal and establishment in different environments. This fact contributed significantly to its rapid expansion in all regions of the country, attacking fruits of natural environments and in monocultures. These attacks have caused major damage to both national and export markets, causing the fact that some producers have abandoned their plantations. Considering this problem, the objectives of this study were to analyze the population dynamics of Z. indianus in fig-purple crops and characterize some biological aspects that influence its population fluctuations. For this, the drosophilids were monthly collected from Sep/2010 until Aug/2011 in fig-purple crops in the region of Valinhos (SP). Furthermore, others experiments aimed at characterize the immature stages of Z. indianus were conducted, like number of instars, pupation process and morphological characterization of these stages by scanning electron microscopy. Others, involving the characterization of aspects such as survival, viability, development time, adult body size, nutritional parameters for optimal larval performance and female oviposition site choice were performed by nutritional geometry. The nutrition is a factor directly related to the life history of drosophilids. In this methodology, the nutritional status of an animal is represented as a point within a nutritional space with “n” dimensions. Depending on the intake of calories and macronutrients, the regulatory systems of this animal are able to alter its metabolism in order to achieve a balance, and the consequences of these adjustments can be viewed by changes in its biological characteristics, these being analyzed here. As in field work, the species Drosophila simulans revealed...