Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125231168166 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247150 |
Resumo: | A Relative Age Effect (RAE), by which young athletes with birthdates early in a calendar year have experienced a team selection advantage that persists throughout their careers, has been found to be prevalent in many sports. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in the Paralympic sports context. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of RAE among male and female Brazilian Paralympic swimmers. Data from 694 ranked athletes were collected from the 2021 Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers National rankings. Athletes’ birthdates were divided into four quarters (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) according to their month of birth. Chi-Square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests were used to compare the observed and expected distributions of athletes born in each quarter, based on sex (male and female), impairment type (physical, visual, and intellectual), and swim stroke competition (freestyle, medley, backstroke, butterfly, and breaststroke). The observed birthdates distributions were different from expected in males (χ2 = 11.647; p = 0.009) and females (χ2 = 8.899; p = 0.031), for athletes with physical impairments (χ2 = 10.443; p = 0.015); and for athletes who competed in freestyle (χ2 = 16.683; p = 0.001), medley (χ2 = 12.343; p = 0.006) and backstroke (χ2 = 8.025; p = 0.045) races. Even though our results demonstrated asymmetric distributions of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers’ birthdates in many of the analyses, we could not establish the classical prevalence of athletes born at the beginning of the year that defines RAE. Therefore, the selection process of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers does not seem to be influenced by the athletes’ time of birth. |
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Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmersadaptive sportage-related effectathlete selectionatypical distributionswimmingA Relative Age Effect (RAE), by which young athletes with birthdates early in a calendar year have experienced a team selection advantage that persists throughout their careers, has been found to be prevalent in many sports. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in the Paralympic sports context. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of RAE among male and female Brazilian Paralympic swimmers. Data from 694 ranked athletes were collected from the 2021 Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers National rankings. Athletes’ birthdates were divided into four quarters (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) according to their month of birth. Chi-Square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests were used to compare the observed and expected distributions of athletes born in each quarter, based on sex (male and female), impairment type (physical, visual, and intellectual), and swim stroke competition (freestyle, medley, backstroke, butterfly, and breaststroke). The observed birthdates distributions were different from expected in males (χ2 = 11.647; p = 0.009) and females (χ2 = 8.899; p = 0.031), for athletes with physical impairments (χ2 = 10.443; p = 0.015); and for athletes who competed in freestyle (χ2 = 16.683; p = 0.001), medley (χ2 = 12.343; p = 0.006) and backstroke (χ2 = 8.025; p = 0.045) races. Even though our results demonstrated asymmetric distributions of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers’ birthdates in many of the analyses, we could not establish the classical prevalence of athletes born at the beginning of the year that defines RAE. Therefore, the selection process of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers does not seem to be influenced by the athletes’ time of birth.Centro Universitário IESB, DFUniversidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, SPUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MGUniversidad Del Bio-BioUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMTUniversidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, SPCentro Universitário IESBUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaUniversidad Del Bio-BioUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMTde Oliveira, Vivian [UNESP]Figueiredo, Lucas SavassiTeixeira Fabrício dos Santos, Luiz GustavoVenditti, Rubens [UNESP]Castro, Henrique de Oliveira2023-07-29T13:07:41Z2023-07-29T13:07:41Z2023-06-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article999-1012http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125231168166Perceptual and Motor Skills, v. 130, n. 3, p. 999-1012, 2023.1558-688X0031-5125http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24715010.1177/003151252311681662-s2.0-85152294026Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPerceptual and Motor Skillsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-07-29T13:07:41Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/247150Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T16:34:32.006302Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
title |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
spellingShingle |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers de Oliveira, Vivian [UNESP] adaptive sport age-related effect athlete selection atypical distribution swimming |
title_short |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
title_full |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
title_fullStr |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
title_sort |
Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers |
author |
de Oliveira, Vivian [UNESP] |
author_facet |
de Oliveira, Vivian [UNESP] Figueiredo, Lucas Savassi Teixeira Fabrício dos Santos, Luiz Gustavo Venditti, Rubens [UNESP] Castro, Henrique de Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Figueiredo, Lucas Savassi Teixeira Fabrício dos Santos, Luiz Gustavo Venditti, Rubens [UNESP] Castro, Henrique de Oliveira |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Centro Universitário IESB Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Universidad Del Bio-Bio Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
de Oliveira, Vivian [UNESP] Figueiredo, Lucas Savassi Teixeira Fabrício dos Santos, Luiz Gustavo Venditti, Rubens [UNESP] Castro, Henrique de Oliveira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
adaptive sport age-related effect athlete selection atypical distribution swimming |
topic |
adaptive sport age-related effect athlete selection atypical distribution swimming |
description |
A Relative Age Effect (RAE), by which young athletes with birthdates early in a calendar year have experienced a team selection advantage that persists throughout their careers, has been found to be prevalent in many sports. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in the Paralympic sports context. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of RAE among male and female Brazilian Paralympic swimmers. Data from 694 ranked athletes were collected from the 2021 Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers National rankings. Athletes’ birthdates were divided into four quarters (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) according to their month of birth. Chi-Square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests were used to compare the observed and expected distributions of athletes born in each quarter, based on sex (male and female), impairment type (physical, visual, and intellectual), and swim stroke competition (freestyle, medley, backstroke, butterfly, and breaststroke). The observed birthdates distributions were different from expected in males (χ2 = 11.647; p = 0.009) and females (χ2 = 8.899; p = 0.031), for athletes with physical impairments (χ2 = 10.443; p = 0.015); and for athletes who competed in freestyle (χ2 = 16.683; p = 0.001), medley (χ2 = 12.343; p = 0.006) and backstroke (χ2 = 8.025; p = 0.045) races. Even though our results demonstrated asymmetric distributions of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers’ birthdates in many of the analyses, we could not establish the classical prevalence of athletes born at the beginning of the year that defines RAE. Therefore, the selection process of Brazilian Paralympic swimmers does not seem to be influenced by the athletes’ time of birth. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-29T13:07:41Z 2023-07-29T13:07:41Z 2023-06-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125231168166 Perceptual and Motor Skills, v. 130, n. 3, p. 999-1012, 2023. 1558-688X 0031-5125 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247150 10.1177/00315125231168166 2-s2.0-85152294026 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125231168166 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247150 |
identifier_str_mv |
Perceptual and Motor Skills, v. 130, n. 3, p. 999-1012, 2023. 1558-688X 0031-5125 10.1177/00315125231168166 2-s2.0-85152294026 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Perceptual and Motor Skills |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
999-1012 |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128672981319680 |