Degradação biológica de surfactante em reator anaeróbio

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Ana Paula Quintanilha
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/214016
• topic: Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS); Batch; Biodegradation; Linear Alquilbenzeno Sulfonado (LAS); Batelada; Biodegradação

Wastewater containing high concentration of organic matter and toxic compounds contributes to the global problem of pollution. Therefore, the reduction or extinction of the toxic potential of these waters, in view of the possibility of environmental and human health impacts, has become essential. Surfactants are widely used in household and industrial cleaning products and, consequently, are present in wastewater treatment plants - where they are partially degraded aerobically and partially adsorbed in the sludge, which will be disposed of in the soil or in landfills. In this perspective, the main objective of this monography was to evaluate the degradation of LAS - Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (the most used anionic surfactant worldwide in the formulation of detergents and one of the contaminants present in wastewater) in an anaerobic biological reactor, operated in sequential batches. After the adaptation of anaerobic biomass, from an UASB reactor that treated poultry manure, a synthetic substrate simulating sanitary sewage was fed into the reactor with concentrations of 0 (Phase 1), 10 (Phase 2), 15 (Phase 3) and 20 mg/L (Phase 4) of LAS. During the entire operation period several parameters were monitored for the affluent and its respective effluent: temperature, pH, COD, Alkalinity, Volatile Acids and LAS (after the addition of surfactant). Then, the removal efficiencies of both organic matter and LAS were calculated, according to the reactor's operational conditions. In addition, at the end of each phase of operation, time profiles of each of these parameters were performed on samples collected at certain intervals during a batch cycle. From the results obtained during the period comprised by the 4 phases of operation, the greatest efficiency in removing COD and LAS was 92.39 ± 7.35% (Phase 1) and 79.75 ± 3.42% (Phase 4), respectively. In view of the results, it was found that the higher the concentration of added LAS the greater percentage of removal and, on the other hand, the lower removal of COD - possibly due to the inhibitory effect caused by the surfactant.