Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2014
Outros Autores: Romeiro, Fernando Gomes [UNESP], Martinez, Paula Felippe [UNESP], Oliveira Junior, Silvio Assis de [UNESP], Polegato, Bertha Furlan [UNESP], Okoshi, Katashi [UNESP]
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRCC.S41513
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140466
Resumo: Cachexia and muscle wasting are frequently observed in heart failure patients. Cachexia is a predictor of reduced survival, independent of important parameters such as age, heart failure functional class, and functional capacity. Muscle and fat wasting can also predict adverse outcome during cardiac failure. Only more recently were these conditions defined in International Consensus. Considering that heart failure is an inflammatory disease, cardiac cachexia has been diagnosed by finding a body weight loss .5%, in the absence of other diseases and independent of other criteria. Muscle wasting has been defined as lean appendicular mass corrected for height squared of 2 standard deviations or more below the mean for healthy individuals between 20 years and 30 years old from the same ethnic group. The etiology of heart failure-associated cachexia and muscle wasting is multifactorial, and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms are not completely understood. The most important factors are reduced food intake, gastrointestinal alterations, immunological activation, neurohormonal abnormalities, and an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. Cachexia and muscle wasting have clinical consequences in several organs and systems including the gastrointestinal and erythropoietic systems, and the heart, previously affected by the primary disease. We hope that a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in their physiopathology will allow the development of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies to effectively prevent and treat heart failure-induced cachexia and muscle wasting before significant body weight and muscle wasting occurs.
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spelling Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequencesHeart failurePrognosisAnorexiaInflammatory activationCardiac wastingCachexia and muscle wasting are frequently observed in heart failure patients. Cachexia is a predictor of reduced survival, independent of important parameters such as age, heart failure functional class, and functional capacity. Muscle and fat wasting can also predict adverse outcome during cardiac failure. Only more recently were these conditions defined in International Consensus. Considering that heart failure is an inflammatory disease, cardiac cachexia has been diagnosed by finding a body weight loss .5%, in the absence of other diseases and independent of other criteria. Muscle wasting has been defined as lean appendicular mass corrected for height squared of 2 standard deviations or more below the mean for healthy individuals between 20 years and 30 years old from the same ethnic group. The etiology of heart failure-associated cachexia and muscle wasting is multifactorial, and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms are not completely understood. The most important factors are reduced food intake, gastrointestinal alterations, immunological activation, neurohormonal abnormalities, and an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. Cachexia and muscle wasting have clinical consequences in several organs and systems including the gastrointestinal and erythropoietic systems, and the heart, previously affected by the primary disease. We hope that a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in their physiopathology will allow the development of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies to effectively prevent and treat heart failure-induced cachexia and muscle wasting before significant body weight and muscle wasting occurs.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de FisioterapiaUniversidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de BotucatuFAPESP: 2012/21687-1FAPESP: 2012/50512-5Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]Romeiro, Fernando Gomes [UNESP]Martinez, Paula Felippe [UNESP]Oliveira Junior, Silvio Assis de [UNESP]Polegato, Bertha Furlan [UNESP]Okoshi, Katashi [UNESP]2016-07-07T12:33:58Z2016-07-07T12:33:58Z2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article319-326application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRCC.S41513Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology, v. 5, p. 319-326, 2014.1179-8475http://hdl.handle.net/11449/14046610.2147/RRCC.S41513ISSN1179-8475-2014-05-319-326.pdf44631386719984321590971576309420159097157630942015909715763094200000-0001-8980-8839Currículo Lattesreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengResearch Reports in Clinical Cardiologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-08-14T17:22:48Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/140466Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-14T17:22:48Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
title Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
spellingShingle Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]
Heart failure
Prognosis
Anorexia
Inflammatory activation
Cardiac wasting
title_short Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
title_full Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
title_fullStr Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
title_full_unstemmed Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
title_sort Cardiac cachexia and muscle wasting: definition, physiopathology, and clinical consequences
author Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]
author_facet Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]
Romeiro, Fernando Gomes [UNESP]
Martinez, Paula Felippe [UNESP]
Oliveira Junior, Silvio Assis de [UNESP]
Polegato, Bertha Furlan [UNESP]
Okoshi, Katashi [UNESP]
author_role author
author2 Romeiro, Fernando Gomes [UNESP]
Martinez, Paula Felippe [UNESP]
Oliveira Junior, Silvio Assis de [UNESP]
Polegato, Bertha Furlan [UNESP]
Okoshi, Katashi [UNESP]
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Okoshi, Marina Politi [UNESP]
Romeiro, Fernando Gomes [UNESP]
Martinez, Paula Felippe [UNESP]
Oliveira Junior, Silvio Assis de [UNESP]
Polegato, Bertha Furlan [UNESP]
Okoshi, Katashi [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Heart failure
Prognosis
Anorexia
Inflammatory activation
Cardiac wasting
topic Heart failure
Prognosis
Anorexia
Inflammatory activation
Cardiac wasting
description Cachexia and muscle wasting are frequently observed in heart failure patients. Cachexia is a predictor of reduced survival, independent of important parameters such as age, heart failure functional class, and functional capacity. Muscle and fat wasting can also predict adverse outcome during cardiac failure. Only more recently were these conditions defined in International Consensus. Considering that heart failure is an inflammatory disease, cardiac cachexia has been diagnosed by finding a body weight loss .5%, in the absence of other diseases and independent of other criteria. Muscle wasting has been defined as lean appendicular mass corrected for height squared of 2 standard deviations or more below the mean for healthy individuals between 20 years and 30 years old from the same ethnic group. The etiology of heart failure-associated cachexia and muscle wasting is multifactorial, and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms are not completely understood. The most important factors are reduced food intake, gastrointestinal alterations, immunological activation, neurohormonal abnormalities, and an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes. Cachexia and muscle wasting have clinical consequences in several organs and systems including the gastrointestinal and erythropoietic systems, and the heart, previously affected by the primary disease. We hope that a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in their physiopathology will allow the development of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies to effectively prevent and treat heart failure-induced cachexia and muscle wasting before significant body weight and muscle wasting occurs.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014
2016-07-07T12:33:58Z
2016-07-07T12:33:58Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRCC.S41513
Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology, v. 5, p. 319-326, 2014.
1179-8475
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140466
10.2147/RRCC.S41513
ISSN1179-8475-2014-05-319-326.pdf
4463138671998432
1590971576309420
1590971576309420
1590971576309420
0000-0001-8980-8839
url http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRCC.S41513
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140466
identifier_str_mv Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology, v. 5, p. 319-326, 2014.
1179-8475
10.2147/RRCC.S41513
ISSN1179-8475-2014-05-319-326.pdf
4463138671998432
1590971576309420
0000-0001-8980-8839
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Research Reports in Clinical Cardiology
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 319-326
application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Currículo Lattes
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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