Análise do aporte de sedimentos na bacia hidrográfica do córrego Assistência, SP: caso do Polo Cerâmico de Santa Gertrudes

• Autor(a) principal: Mello, Rafael Carvalho Alves de [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131870; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/13-11-2015/000853742.pdf
• topic: Water-supply; Abastecimento de água; Bacias hidrograficas; Controle de poluição - Industria; Mineralogia; Sedimentos fluviais; Santa Gertrudes (SP)

At the ceramic center of Santa Gertrudes, the minig sector's pollution aspects' are mainly related to the emission of particulate matter to the atmosphere and the runoff of sediment to the nearby rivers. The growth of these activities, which are composed of open field mining and drying yards, may alter the natural regime of solid waste in the rivers by introducing great sediment volume in the natural environment. Effectively, downstream these minings, there may be an increase in the turbidity occurred by thin suspended sediment, which in a big amount result in impacts to the many uses of the hydric resource (recreational, domestic and industrial use) and cause a big stress in the aquatic ecosystems, affecting the macrophytes and fish populations. In this scenario, throughout the 2014 hydrologic year, an investigation was conducted concerning the interference of the clay mining areas in the quality of the water of the Assistencia river, using as tools several physical and chemical parameters, the solid suspended runoff and the mineralogy of the suspended sediment collected from the basin's sink. The field works were taken weekly and eventually after rainy days. In the total, it took 67 field works, and in 14 of them the turbidity registered was above 100 NTU. In these occasions, data readings on hydrometric and several physical and chemical aspects was collected, as were samples of water with suspended sediments for lab analysis. With the analysis of the basin's soil's mineralogy the kaolinite and the illite were determined as mineral markers. The kaolinite is the most common clay mineral in the basin, and the illite is the dominant clay mineral explored in the Santa Gertrudes' ceramic center, and, since it's not found in the soils, or is in small amounts, its significant presence in the river's water may be due to the interference of the mining activities in the water's qualities. The average soilid runoff in rainy...