Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/11449/245099 |
Resumo: | Frustration responses of animals when environmental resources are present, but inaccessible may help to understand their motivation, i.e. the importance to access these resources. However, neither motivation nor frustration have been investigated in mules. Here, we investigated whether horses and mules are motivated to access a biologically relevant resource and whether they express frustration when their access is blocked. Eight mules and eight horses were tested for 3 days with varying difficulty degrees requiring physical effort to cross a barrier and access feed. The maximum effort was made on day 3 (blocked barrier). The animals were filmed during the tests and their stress levels were evaluated. Only mules exhibited significantly more behaviors associated with motivation when the barrier was blocked. However, this test situation caused both mules and horses to express behaviors associated with frustration, whereas only horses expressed a greater variation in the cortisol level. Thus, only mules are motivated to access feed, but both of them exhibit frustration when unable to access such resources, which has important welfare and management applications. |
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Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differenceseffort spentequidfrustration responsemotivation responseFrustration responses of animals when environmental resources are present, but inaccessible may help to understand their motivation, i.e. the importance to access these resources. However, neither motivation nor frustration have been investigated in mules. Here, we investigated whether horses and mules are motivated to access a biologically relevant resource and whether they express frustration when their access is blocked. Eight mules and eight horses were tested for 3 days with varying difficulty degrees requiring physical effort to cross a barrier and access feed. The maximum effort was made on day 3 (blocked barrier). The animals were filmed during the tests and their stress levels were evaluated. Only mules exhibited significantly more behaviors associated with motivation when the barrier was blocked. However, this test situation caused both mules and horses to express behaviors associated with frustration, whereas only horses expressed a greater variation in the cortisol level. Thus, only mules are motivated to access feed, but both of them exhibit frustration when unable to access such resources, which has important welfare and management applications.Sao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sience, Botucatu, SP, BrazilConsultancy & Solut Anim Behav & Welfare, Consciencia Anim Initiat Advisory, Botucatu, SP, BrazilGilsonVolpato Inst Sci Educ, Botucatu, SP, BrazilUniv Pisa UNIPI, Dept Vet Sci, Pisa, ItalySao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sience, Botucatu, SP, BrazilPolska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii ZwierzatUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Consultancy & Solut Anim Behav & WelfareGilsonVolpato Inst Sci EducUniv Pisa UNIPIArruda, Liys A. de S. [UNESP]Delagracia, Marcela F. [UNESP]Maia, Caroline M.Luz, Marina P. F. da [UNESP]Narciso, Matheus H. P. M. [UNESP]Baragli, PaoloNicolau, Jose Nicolau P. P. [UNESP]2023-07-29T11:37:09Z2023-07-29T11:37:09Z2022-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article317-333Animal Science Papers and Reports. Magdalenka: Polska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii Zwierzat, v. 40, n. 3, p. 317-333, 2022.0860-4037http://hdl.handle.net/11449/245099WOS:000863333500006Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengAnimal Science Papers And Reportsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-07-29T11:37:09Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/245099Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T17:57:20.518850Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
title |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
spellingShingle |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences Arruda, Liys A. de S. [UNESP] effort spent equid frustration response motivation response |
title_short |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
title_full |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
title_fullStr |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
title_full_unstemmed |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
title_sort |
Motivation and frustration of horses and mules: behavioral and physiological differences |
author |
Arruda, Liys A. de S. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Arruda, Liys A. de S. [UNESP] Delagracia, Marcela F. [UNESP] Maia, Caroline M. Luz, Marina P. F. da [UNESP] Narciso, Matheus H. P. M. [UNESP] Baragli, Paolo Nicolau, Jose Nicolau P. P. [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Delagracia, Marcela F. [UNESP] Maia, Caroline M. Luz, Marina P. F. da [UNESP] Narciso, Matheus H. P. M. [UNESP] Baragli, Paolo Nicolau, Jose Nicolau P. P. [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Consultancy & Solut Anim Behav & Welfare GilsonVolpato Inst Sci Educ Univ Pisa UNIPI |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Arruda, Liys A. de S. [UNESP] Delagracia, Marcela F. [UNESP] Maia, Caroline M. Luz, Marina P. F. da [UNESP] Narciso, Matheus H. P. M. [UNESP] Baragli, Paolo Nicolau, Jose Nicolau P. P. [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
effort spent equid frustration response motivation response |
topic |
effort spent equid frustration response motivation response |
description |
Frustration responses of animals when environmental resources are present, but inaccessible may help to understand their motivation, i.e. the importance to access these resources. However, neither motivation nor frustration have been investigated in mules. Here, we investigated whether horses and mules are motivated to access a biologically relevant resource and whether they express frustration when their access is blocked. Eight mules and eight horses were tested for 3 days with varying difficulty degrees requiring physical effort to cross a barrier and access feed. The maximum effort was made on day 3 (blocked barrier). The animals were filmed during the tests and their stress levels were evaluated. Only mules exhibited significantly more behaviors associated with motivation when the barrier was blocked. However, this test situation caused both mules and horses to express behaviors associated with frustration, whereas only horses expressed a greater variation in the cortisol level. Thus, only mules are motivated to access feed, but both of them exhibit frustration when unable to access such resources, which has important welfare and management applications. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-01 2023-07-29T11:37:09Z 2023-07-29T11:37:09Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Animal Science Papers and Reports. Magdalenka: Polska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii Zwierzat, v. 40, n. 3, p. 317-333, 2022. 0860-4037 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/245099 WOS:000863333500006 |
identifier_str_mv |
Animal Science Papers and Reports. Magdalenka: Polska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii Zwierzat, v. 40, n. 3, p. 317-333, 2022. 0860-4037 WOS:000863333500006 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/245099 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Animal Science Papers And Reports |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
317-333 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Polska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii Zwierzat |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Polska Akad Nauk, Inst Genetyki Biotechnologii Zwierzat |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128877955907584 |