Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756 |
Resumo: | Humans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment. |
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Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannasCerradoCommunity structureDisturbanceFloristic compositionManagementVegetation changeHumans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Graduate Program in Ecology Institute of Biology P.O. Box: 6109 UNICAMPGraduate Program in Biological Sciences (Botany) Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, P.O. Box 510, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, 18.618-970Graduate Program in Ecology Federal University of Santa CatarinaDepartment of Biology and Animal Science School of Engineering São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Brasil Sul, 56Department of Biological Sciences School of Sciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01Graduate Program in Biological Sciences (Botany) Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, P.O. Box 510, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, 18.618-970Department of Biology and Animal Science School of Engineering São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Brasil Sul, 56Department of Biological Sciences School of Sciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01FAPESP: 2012/01790-2FAPESP: 2016/25086-3Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)Giles, André L. [UNESP]Flores, Bernardo M.Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP]Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP]Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]2021-06-25T11:00:31Z2021-06-25T11:00:31Z2021-08-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494.0378-1127http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20775610.1016/j.foreco.2021.1193562-s2.0-85106282743Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengForest Ecology and Managementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T17:45:59Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/207756Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:43:36.325949Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
title |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
spellingShingle |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas Giles, André L. [UNESP] Cerrado Community structure Disturbance Floristic composition Management Vegetation change |
title_short |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
title_full |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
title_fullStr |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
title_sort |
Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas |
author |
Giles, André L. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Giles, André L. [UNESP] Flores, Bernardo M. Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP] Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP] Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Flores, Bernardo M. Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP] Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP] Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Giles, André L. [UNESP] Flores, Bernardo M. Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP] Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP] Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Cerrado Community structure Disturbance Floristic composition Management Vegetation change |
topic |
Cerrado Community structure Disturbance Floristic composition Management Vegetation change |
description |
Humans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-25T11:00:31Z 2021-06-25T11:00:31Z 2021-08-15 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356 Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494. 0378-1127 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356 2-s2.0-85106282743 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756 |
identifier_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494. 0378-1127 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356 2-s2.0-85106282743 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
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1808129350796574720 |