Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Giles, André L. [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Flores, Bernardo M., Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP], Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP], Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756
Resumo: Humans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment.
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spelling Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannasCerradoCommunity structureDisturbanceFloristic compositionManagementVegetation changeHumans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Graduate Program in Ecology Institute of Biology P.O. Box: 6109 UNICAMPGraduate Program in Biological Sciences (Botany) Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, P.O. Box 510, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, 18.618-970Graduate Program in Ecology Federal University of Santa CatarinaDepartment of Biology and Animal Science School of Engineering São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Brasil Sul, 56Department of Biological Sciences School of Sciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01Graduate Program in Biological Sciences (Botany) Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, P.O. Box 510, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, 18.618-970Department of Biology and Animal Science School of Engineering São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Brasil Sul, 56Department of Biological Sciences School of Sciences São Paulo State University-UNESP, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01FAPESP: 2012/01790-2FAPESP: 2016/25086-3Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)Giles, André L. [UNESP]Flores, Bernardo M.Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP]Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP]Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]2021-06-25T11:00:31Z2021-06-25T11:00:31Z2021-08-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494.0378-1127http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20775610.1016/j.foreco.2021.1193562-s2.0-85106282743Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengForest Ecology and Managementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T17:45:59Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/207756Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:43:36.325949Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
title Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
spellingShingle Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
Giles, André L. [UNESP]
Cerrado
Community structure
Disturbance
Floristic composition
Management
Vegetation change
title_short Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
title_full Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
title_fullStr Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
title_full_unstemmed Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
title_sort Thirty years of clear-cutting maintain diversity and functional composition of woody-encroached Neotropical savannas
author Giles, André L. [UNESP]
author_facet Giles, André L. [UNESP]
Flores, Bernardo M.
Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP]
Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP]
Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]
author_role author
author2 Flores, Bernardo M.
Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP]
Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP]
Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Giles, André L. [UNESP]
Flores, Bernardo M.
Rezende, Andréia Alves [UNESP]
Weiser, Veridiana de Lara [UNESP]
Cavassan, Osmar [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Cerrado
Community structure
Disturbance
Floristic composition
Management
Vegetation change
topic Cerrado
Community structure
Disturbance
Floristic composition
Management
Vegetation change
description Humans have changed vegetation dynamics in Neotropical savannas by suppressing fires, allowing trees and shrubs to expand into ancient savanna landscapes in a process known as woody encroachment. This woody encroachment drives the loss of biodiversity and modifies the functioning of savanna ecosystems. Here we combine satellite data analysis with an experimental approach to test the hypothesis that long-term management by clear-cutting helps restore the diversity and functional composition of open savannas. First, we used Landsat time series of the Normalized Difference Water Index, to assess changes in vegetation structure, comparing experimental areas with open savannas in the same region. We then obtained field experimental evidence comparing areas managed during 30 years versus unmanaged areas, including data on vegetation structure and composition. Our results from satellite image analyses indicate that, before the first clear-cutting, vegetation structure was similar in managed and unmanaged sites, and both differed from open savanna. When clear-cutting manipulation started, NDWI of managed areas became persistently lower than that of unmanaged control areas. In the field, we found that in managed areas, species diversity and richness of typical savanna species had increased, and that species composition had changed to become more similar to open savannas. We also observed the recovery of savanna functional composition, suggesting that ecosystem processes were restored by clear-cutting management. Our findings reveal that the repeated removal of dominant woody species by clear-cutting has contributed to maintain the diversity and functioning of savannas degraded by forest encroachment.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-06-25T11:00:31Z
2021-06-25T11:00:31Z
2021-08-15
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356
Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494.
0378-1127
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356
2-s2.0-85106282743
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/207756
identifier_str_mv Forest Ecology and Management, v. 494.
0378-1127
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119356
2-s2.0-85106282743
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Forest Ecology and Management
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scopus
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
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