Caracterização morfológica e divergência genética em acessos de meloeiro

• Autor(a) principal: Castro, Jéssica Melina de [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136706; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/22-03-2016/000859565.pdf
• topic: Melão; Botânica - Morfologia; Genetica vegetal; Polimorfismo (Genetica); Plantas - Analise; Botany Morphology

The melon is a cucurbit of great economic importance and has high polymorphism in the different characteristics, among which, leaves, flowers and fruits. In order to estimate the genetic divergence among 38 melon access, this study aimed to characterize them morphologically. The study was conducted at the College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (UNESP- FCAV), Campus of Jaboticabal-SP. From September 2014 to January 2015, an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, with a total of 608 plants evaluated. The seeds used were provided by the institutions: Embrapa Temperate Climate, Embrapa Vegetables, Rural Federal University of Semi-arid and United States Department of Agriculture. During the growth and development of plants was carried out morphological characterization featuring 35 descriptors used by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, and three proposed in this paper. Data were assessed by genetic dissimilarity from the Euclidean distance to multicategoric data. With respect to the relative contribution of each character, according to statistics Singh (S.j), five descriptors have stood out with the highest percentage of divergence, as follows: Sex expression; Young fruit: conspicuity of colored grooves; Position of the maximum diameter of the fruit; Seed width and seed color intensity. And by Tocher optimization method, verifying variability among the accessions to the divide into 10 groups. Among the groups, the highlights were the group one by good values for Fruit shape, the four group for Mass (kg), the six group for Soluble Solids (°Brix), the eight group for Firmness and nine group to Internal cavity size. The most divergent pairs were 5 and 20; 6 and 22; 20 and 37; 22 and 37; 26 and 35