Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz197 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/186808 |
Resumo: | Flint corn processing method [coarse ground corn (CGC; 3.2 mm average particle size) or steam-flaked corn (SFC; 0.360 kg/L flake density)] was evaluated in conjunction with 4 levels of NDF from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) as roughage source (RNDF; 4%, 7%, 10%, and 13%; DM basis) to determine impact on growth performance, carcass characteristics, starch utilization, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus beef cattle. Two hundred and forty Nellore bulls were blocked by initial BW (350 +/- 37 kg), assigned to 32 feedlot pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned, in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (2 corn processing and 4 levels of RNDF) to treatments. Effects of corn grain processing x RNDF level were not detected (P >= 0.14) for growth performance, dietary net energy concentration, carcass traits, rumen morphometrics, and feeding behavior, except for time spent ruminating and time spent resting (P <= 0.04), and a tendency for papillae width (P <= 0.09). Bulls fed SFC-based diets consumed 7% less (P = 0.001), had 10.6% greater carcass-adjusted ADG (P < 0.001) and 19% greater carcass-adjusted feed efficiency (P < 0.001) compared with bulls fed CGC-based diets. Observed net energy for maintenance and gain values were 14.9% and 19.4% greater (P < 0.001), respectively, for SFC than for CGC-based diets. Fecal starch concentration was less (P < 0.001) for bulls fed SFC compared with those fed CGC. No grain processing effects were detected (P = 0.51) for rumenitis score; however, cattle fed SFC presented smaller ruminal absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Dry matter intake increased linearly (P = 0.02) and carcass-adjusted feed efficiency tended (P = 0.06) to decrease linearly as RNDF increased. Dietary RNDF concentration did not affect carcass characteristics (P >= 0.19), except for dressing percentage, which tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.06) as RNDF in finishing diets increased. Increasing RNDF in finishing diets had no effect (P = 0.26) on time spent eating, but time spent ruminating and resting increased linearly (min/d; P < 0.001) with increased dietary RNDF. Steam flaking markedly increased flint corn energy value, net energy of diets, and animal growth performance, and led to improvements on feed efficiency when compared with grinding, regardless of RNDF content of diets. Increasing dietary RNDF compromised feedlot cattle feed efficiency and carcass dressing. |
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Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattlebeef cattlefeedlotground cornNDF levelsNelloresteam-flaked cornFlint corn processing method [coarse ground corn (CGC; 3.2 mm average particle size) or steam-flaked corn (SFC; 0.360 kg/L flake density)] was evaluated in conjunction with 4 levels of NDF from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) as roughage source (RNDF; 4%, 7%, 10%, and 13%; DM basis) to determine impact on growth performance, carcass characteristics, starch utilization, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus beef cattle. Two hundred and forty Nellore bulls were blocked by initial BW (350 +/- 37 kg), assigned to 32 feedlot pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned, in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (2 corn processing and 4 levels of RNDF) to treatments. Effects of corn grain processing x RNDF level were not detected (P >= 0.14) for growth performance, dietary net energy concentration, carcass traits, rumen morphometrics, and feeding behavior, except for time spent ruminating and time spent resting (P <= 0.04), and a tendency for papillae width (P <= 0.09). Bulls fed SFC-based diets consumed 7% less (P = 0.001), had 10.6% greater carcass-adjusted ADG (P < 0.001) and 19% greater carcass-adjusted feed efficiency (P < 0.001) compared with bulls fed CGC-based diets. Observed net energy for maintenance and gain values were 14.9% and 19.4% greater (P < 0.001), respectively, for SFC than for CGC-based diets. Fecal starch concentration was less (P < 0.001) for bulls fed SFC compared with those fed CGC. No grain processing effects were detected (P = 0.51) for rumenitis score; however, cattle fed SFC presented smaller ruminal absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Dry matter intake increased linearly (P = 0.02) and carcass-adjusted feed efficiency tended (P = 0.06) to decrease linearly as RNDF increased. Dietary RNDF concentration did not affect carcass characteristics (P >= 0.19), except for dressing percentage, which tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.06) as RNDF in finishing diets increased. Increasing RNDF in finishing diets had no effect (P = 0.26) on time spent eating, but time spent ruminating and resting increased linearly (min/d; P < 0.001) with increased dietary RNDF. Steam flaking markedly increased flint corn energy value, net energy of diets, and animal growth performance, and led to improvements on feed efficiency when compared with grinding, regardless of RNDF content of diets. Increasing dietary RNDF compromised feedlot cattle feed efficiency and carcass dressing.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, BrazilOregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USASao Paulo State Univ, Coll Technol & Agr Sci, BR-17900000 Dracena, SP, BrazilKansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USASao Paulo State Univ, Coll Technol & Agr Sci, BR-17900000 Dracena, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 2011/22332-0FAPESP: 2011/22623-4Oxford Univ Press IncUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)Oregon State UnivUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Kansas State UnivMelo, Antonio Humberto F. deMarques, Rodrigo S.Gouvea, Vinicius N.Souza, Jonas deBatalha, Camila D. A.Basto, Debora C.Millen, Danilo D. [UNESP]Drouillard, James S.Santos, Flavio A. P.2019-10-06T05:46:31Z2019-10-06T05:46:31Z2019-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article3562-3577http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz197Journal Of Animal Science. Cary: Oxford Univ Press Inc, v. 97, n. 8, p. 3562-3577, 2019.0021-8812http://hdl.handle.net/11449/18680810.1093/jas/skz197WOS:000477868300035Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengJournal Of Animal Scienceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-05-07T13:47:03Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/186808Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T13:53:13.411013Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
title |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
spellingShingle |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle Melo, Antonio Humberto F. de beef cattle feedlot ground corn NDF levels Nellore steam-flaked corn |
title_short |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
title_full |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
title_fullStr |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
title_sort |
Effects of dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber levels and flint corn processing method on growth performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus cattle |
author |
Melo, Antonio Humberto F. de |
author_facet |
Melo, Antonio Humberto F. de Marques, Rodrigo S. Gouvea, Vinicius N. Souza, Jonas de Batalha, Camila D. A. Basto, Debora C. Millen, Danilo D. [UNESP] Drouillard, James S. Santos, Flavio A. P. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Marques, Rodrigo S. Gouvea, Vinicius N. Souza, Jonas de Batalha, Camila D. A. Basto, Debora C. Millen, Danilo D. [UNESP] Drouillard, James S. Santos, Flavio A. P. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Oregon State Univ Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Kansas State Univ |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Melo, Antonio Humberto F. de Marques, Rodrigo S. Gouvea, Vinicius N. Souza, Jonas de Batalha, Camila D. A. Basto, Debora C. Millen, Danilo D. [UNESP] Drouillard, James S. Santos, Flavio A. P. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
beef cattle feedlot ground corn NDF levels Nellore steam-flaked corn |
topic |
beef cattle feedlot ground corn NDF levels Nellore steam-flaked corn |
description |
Flint corn processing method [coarse ground corn (CGC; 3.2 mm average particle size) or steam-flaked corn (SFC; 0.360 kg/L flake density)] was evaluated in conjunction with 4 levels of NDF from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) as roughage source (RNDF; 4%, 7%, 10%, and 13%; DM basis) to determine impact on growth performance, carcass characteristics, starch utilization, feeding behavior, and rumen morphometrics of Bos indicus beef cattle. Two hundred and forty Nellore bulls were blocked by initial BW (350 +/- 37 kg), assigned to 32 feedlot pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned, in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (2 corn processing and 4 levels of RNDF) to treatments. Effects of corn grain processing x RNDF level were not detected (P >= 0.14) for growth performance, dietary net energy concentration, carcass traits, rumen morphometrics, and feeding behavior, except for time spent ruminating and time spent resting (P <= 0.04), and a tendency for papillae width (P <= 0.09). Bulls fed SFC-based diets consumed 7% less (P = 0.001), had 10.6% greater carcass-adjusted ADG (P < 0.001) and 19% greater carcass-adjusted feed efficiency (P < 0.001) compared with bulls fed CGC-based diets. Observed net energy for maintenance and gain values were 14.9% and 19.4% greater (P < 0.001), respectively, for SFC than for CGC-based diets. Fecal starch concentration was less (P < 0.001) for bulls fed SFC compared with those fed CGC. No grain processing effects were detected (P = 0.51) for rumenitis score; however, cattle fed SFC presented smaller ruminal absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Dry matter intake increased linearly (P = 0.02) and carcass-adjusted feed efficiency tended (P = 0.06) to decrease linearly as RNDF increased. Dietary RNDF concentration did not affect carcass characteristics (P >= 0.19), except for dressing percentage, which tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.06) as RNDF in finishing diets increased. Increasing RNDF in finishing diets had no effect (P = 0.26) on time spent eating, but time spent ruminating and resting increased linearly (min/d; P < 0.001) with increased dietary RNDF. Steam flaking markedly increased flint corn energy value, net energy of diets, and animal growth performance, and led to improvements on feed efficiency when compared with grinding, regardless of RNDF content of diets. Increasing dietary RNDF compromised feedlot cattle feed efficiency and carcass dressing. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-06T05:46:31Z 2019-10-06T05:46:31Z 2019-08-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz197 Journal Of Animal Science. Cary: Oxford Univ Press Inc, v. 97, n. 8, p. 3562-3577, 2019. 0021-8812 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/186808 10.1093/jas/skz197 WOS:000477868300035 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz197 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/186808 |
identifier_str_mv |
Journal Of Animal Science. Cary: Oxford Univ Press Inc, v. 97, n. 8, p. 3562-3577, 2019. 0021-8812 10.1093/jas/skz197 WOS:000477868300035 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal Of Animal Science |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
3562-3577 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Oxford Univ Press Inc |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Oxford Univ Press Inc |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128287156731904 |