A influência da estrutura da paisagem sobre o clima e fenologia de plantas arbóreas em ambientes urbanos

• Autor(a) principal: Brenninkmeijer, Yuri Benko [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/156086; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2017-09-28/000890284.pdf
• topic: Ecologia vegetal; Ecologia urbana (Biologia); Paisagens; Clima; Cidades e vilas; Plant ecology

The growth of the world population in urban centers has increased the role of studies in urban ecology as guidelines for decision making in the planning and development of cities. The influence of the components of the urban landscape can be closely related to changes in the urban climate, affecting abiotic and biotic factors. For the assessment of these changes, biological indicators are commonly used, and the monitoring of the phenology of plant species a very promising strategy. The phenology of plants is highly dependent on environmental conditions and their observation is of great importance. This study aimed to understand how the urban landscape affects climate and phenology of three arboreal species (Poincianella pluviosa, Handroanthus chrysotrichus e Tipuana tipu). Climatic and physiological data obtained by Alves-Eigenheer (2013) were used, collected between August and December 2011, along an urban-rural gradient. 31 data points distributed in the city of Campinas, São Paulo were analyzed. For each point were calculated landscape metrics (albedo, percentage of vegetation cover, density of vertical buildings, density of horizontal buildings and permeability of the soil), at multiple scales (50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 meters). To evaluate the relationship between variables of climate landscape and phenology, Pearson correlations (r), were used. The first principal component (PC1) of landscape variables concentrated 82% of the variance, this axis was used as an explanatory variable for the climate and phenology of plants. The temperature range, the night temperature and relative humidity showed a significant correlation with the landscape of PC1 (r ranging between 0.55 and 0.84). However, the average temperature was not related to PC1 (p <0.19). The development of new leaves and flowering for Tipuana tipu were significantly correlated with both the landscape PC1, such as climate variable...