Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/241459 |
Resumo: | Background: Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods: We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age- and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings: We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries’ COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries’ income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation: Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Funding: None. |
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Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countriesCOVID-19MonitoringPandemicSuicideBackground: Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods: We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age- and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings: We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries’ COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries’ income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation: Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Funding: None.Medical Research CouncilNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaHealth and Care Research WalesFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekUniverzita Karlova v PrazeCentre for Mental Health Melbourne School of Population and Global Health University of MelbourneNational Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust University of BristolSwansea University Medical SchoolMinistry of Public Health Department of Health PromotionNational Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health University of ManchesterDepartment of Psychiatry Enam Medical College and HospitalSchool of Public Health National Suicide Research Foundation University College CorkAustralian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention School of Applied Psychology Griffith UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM)National Drug Dependence Treatment Center and Department of Psychiatry All India Institute of Medical SciencesAlcohol Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit South African Medical Research CouncilInstitute for Life Course Health Research Department of Global Health Stellenbosch UniversityWorking Group on Prevention of Suicide and Depression at Public Health Council Ministry of HealthDepartment of Medicine and Optometry Linnaeus UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry Blekinge HospitalDepartment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology All India Institute of Medical SciencesDepartment of Neurology Psychology and Psychiatry Botucatu Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Department of Global Mental Health Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente MuñizDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineDepartment for Psychiatry University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče School of Medicine University of ZagrebUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterDepartment of Psychology University of Milan-BicoccaDepartment of Psychiatry Nimes University HospitalNational Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP) Karolinska InstitutetRegion Friuli Venezia Giulia Central Health Directorate Outpatient and Inpatient Care ServiceDepartment of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine National University of MalaysiaInstitute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences College of Public Health National Taiwan UniversityThames Valley PolicePuerto Rico Department of Health's Commission on Suicide PreventionSchool of Applied Psychology Griffith UniversityDepartment for Medical Ethics University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče School of Medicine University of ZagrebPublic Health Foundation of IndiaInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of WashingtonFlemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention Department of Head and Skin Ghent UniversityGriffith UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry Psychotherapy Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology University Hospital for Psychiatry 2 Medical University of InnsbruckCoroners Court of VictoriaDanish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention Mental Health Centre CopenhagenCopenhagen Research Centre for Mental HealthCentre for Mental Health Research Australian National UniversityDepartment of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBrigham and Women's Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolDepartment of Psychiatry Neuroscience Institute Federico II University of NaplesSchool of Population Health The University of AucklandCoronial Division Tasmanian Magistrates CourtInstitute of Forensic Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health University of MilanUndersecretary of Health Services Ministry of Public HealthMonitoring and Evaluation German Institute for Medical Mission113 Suicide Prevention Research DepartmentDepartments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology Columbia University Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric InstituteCentre for Suicide Research Department of Psychiatry University of OxfordInstitute of Legal Medicine University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University FrankfurtUdmurtia Republican Clinical Psychiatric HospitalCentre for Mental Health and Safety and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Patient Safety Translational Research Centre University of ManchesterGreater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustNational Institute of Mental HealthFaculty of Social Sciences Charles UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry Aga Khan UniversityKU Leuven Center for Contextual PsychiatryPopulation Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of BristolDepartment of Forensic Medicine Odessa National Medical University, OdessaBrigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolDivision of Insurance Medicine Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetBekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and NeurologyPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityUnit Suicide Research and Mental Health Promotion Department of Social and Preventive Medicine Center for Public Health Medical University of ViennaSchool of Psychology University of NottinghamDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Klinikum Klagenfurt am WörtherseeSuicidal Behaviour Research Lab Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of GlasgowDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University Hospital LeipzigDepartment of Public Health and Welfare Finnish Institute for Health and WelfareShanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineDepartments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology Columbia UniversityUsher Institute University of EdinburghPsychosocial Services in ViennaNational Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention Institute of Clinical Medicine University of OsloDepartment of Psychiatry Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Occupational Environment Research Center Medical School Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesNational Institute of Public HealthSaint Petersburg State UniversitySystem Information and Analytics Branch NSW Ministry of HealthInstituto Vita AlereLVR Klinik Köln Department of Addictive Disorders Psychiatry and PsychotherapyOrganizational-Scientific Department Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and NeurologyDepartment of Psychiatry Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreDepartment of Psychiatry University of TorontoWaseda University Faculty of Political Science and EconomicsHong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention Department of Social Work and Social Administration The University of Hong KongGeha Mental Health Center Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityDepartment of Neurology Psychology and Psychiatry Botucatu Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)National Natural Science Foundation of China: 81761128031Health and Care Research Wales: CA04Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek: FWO 1257821NUniverzita Karlova v Praze: GA UK 552119Univerzita Karlova v Praze: SVV 260 596University of MelbourneUniversity of BristolSwansea University Medical SchoolMinistry of Public HealthUniversity of ManchesterEnam Medical College and HospitalUniversity College CorkGriffith UniversityCentre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM)All India Institute of Medical SciencesSouth African Medical Research CouncilStellenbosch UniversityMinistry of HealthLinnaeus UniversityBlekinge HospitalUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente MuñizJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineSchool of Medicine University of ZagrebUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterUniversity of Milan-BicoccaNimes University HospitalKarolinska InstitutetOutpatient and Inpatient Care ServiceNational University of MalaysiaNational Taiwan UniversityThames Valley PolicePuerto Rico Department of Health's Commission on Suicide PreventionPublic Health Foundation of IndiaUniversity of WashingtonGhent UniversityMedical University of InnsbruckCoroners Court of VictoriaMental Health Centre CopenhagenCopenhagen Research Centre for Mental HealthAustralian National UniversityJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthHarvard Medical SchoolFederico II University of NaplesThe University of AucklandTasmanian Magistrates CourtUniversity of MilanGerman Institute for Medical MissionResearch DepartmentColumbia University Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric InstituteUniversity of OxfordGoethe University FrankfurtUdmurtia Republican Clinical Psychiatric HospitalGreater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation TrustNational Institute of Mental HealthCharles UniversityAga Khan UniversityCenter for Contextual PsychiatryOdessa National Medical UniversityBrighton and Sussex Medical SchoolBekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and NeurologyPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityMedical University of ViennaUniversity of NottinghamKlinikum Klagenfurt am WörtherseeUniversity of GlasgowUniversity Hospital LeipzigFinnish Institute for Health and WelfareShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineColumbia UniversityUniversity of EdinburghPsychosocial Services in ViennaUniversity of OsloUniversity Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe UniversityRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesNational Institute of Public HealthSaint Petersburg State UniversityNSW Ministry of HealthInstituto Vita AlerePsychiatry and PsychotherapySunnybrook Health Sciences CentreUniversity of TorontoFaculty of Political Science and EconomicsThe University of Hong KongTel Aviv UniversityPirkis, JaneGunnell, DavidShin, SangsooDel Pozo-Banos, MarcosArya, VikasAguilar, Pablo AnaluisaAppleby, LouisArafat, S. M. YasirArensman, EllaAyuso-Mateos, Jose LuisBalhara, Yatan Pal SinghBantjes, JasonBaran, AnnaBehera, ChittaranjanBertolote, Jose [UNESP]Borges, GuilhermeBray, MichaelBrečić, PetranaCaine, EricCalati, RaffaellaCarli, VladimirCastelpietra, GiulioChan, Lai FongChang, Shu-SenColchester, DavidCoss-Guzmán, MariaCrompton, DavidĆurković, MarkoDandona, RakhiDe Jaegere, EvaDe Leo, DiegoDeisenhammer, Eberhard A.Dwyer, JeremyErlangsen, AnnetteFaust, Jeremy S.Fornaro, MicheleFortune, SarahGarrett, AndrewGentile, GuendalinaGerstner, RebekkaGilissen, RenskeGould, MadelynGupta, Sudhir KumarHawton, KeithHolz, FranziskaKamenshchikov, IuriiKapur, NavneetKasal, AlexandrKhan, MuradKirtley, Olivia J.Knipe, DuleekaKõlves, KairiKölzer, Sarah C.Krivda, HryhoriiLeske, StuartMadeddu, FabioMarshall, AndrewMemon, AnjumMittendorfer-Rutz, EllenorNestadt, PaulNeznanov, NikolayNiederkrotenthaler, ThomasNielsen, EmmaNordentoft, MereteOberlerchner, HerwigO'Connor, Rory C.Papsdorf, RainerPartonen, TimoPhillips, Michael R.Platt, StevePortzky, GwendolynPsota, GeorgQin, PingRadeloff, DanielReif, AndreasReif-Leonhard, ChristineRezaeian, MohsenRomán-Vázquez, NaydaRoskar, SaskaRozanov, VsevolodSara, GrantScavacini, KarenSchneider, BarbaraSemenova, NataliaSinyor, MarkTambuzzi, StefanoTownsend, EllenUeda, MichikoWasserman, DanutaWebb, Roger T.Winkler, PetrYip, Paul S.F.Zalsman, GilZoja, RiccardoJohn, AnnSpittal, Matthew J.2023-03-01T21:04:17Z2023-03-01T21:04:17Z2022-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573eClinicalMedicine, v. 51.2589-5370http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24145910.1016/j.eclinm.2022.1015732-s2.0-85135354142Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengeClinicalMedicineinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-08-16T15:46:03Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/241459Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-16T15:46:03Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
title |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
spellingShingle |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries Pirkis, Jane COVID-19 Monitoring Pandemic Suicide |
title_short |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
title_full |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
title_fullStr |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
title_sort |
Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries |
author |
Pirkis, Jane |
author_facet |
Pirkis, Jane Gunnell, David Shin, Sangsoo Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos Arya, Vikas Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa Appleby, Louis Arafat, S. M. Yasir Arensman, Ella Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh Bantjes, Jason Baran, Anna Behera, Chittaranjan Bertolote, Jose [UNESP] Borges, Guilherme Bray, Michael Brečić, Petrana Caine, Eric Calati, Raffaella Carli, Vladimir Castelpietra, Giulio Chan, Lai Fong Chang, Shu-Sen Colchester, David Coss-Guzmán, Maria Crompton, David Ćurković, Marko Dandona, Rakhi De Jaegere, Eva De Leo, Diego Deisenhammer, Eberhard A. Dwyer, Jeremy Erlangsen, Annette Faust, Jeremy S. Fornaro, Michele Fortune, Sarah Garrett, Andrew Gentile, Guendalina Gerstner, Rebekka Gilissen, Renske Gould, Madelyn Gupta, Sudhir Kumar Hawton, Keith Holz, Franziska Kamenshchikov, Iurii Kapur, Navneet Kasal, Alexandr Khan, Murad Kirtley, Olivia J. Knipe, Duleeka Kõlves, Kairi Kölzer, Sarah C. Krivda, Hryhorii Leske, Stuart Madeddu, Fabio Marshall, Andrew Memon, Anjum Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor Nestadt, Paul Neznanov, Nikolay Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Nielsen, Emma Nordentoft, Merete Oberlerchner, Herwig O'Connor, Rory C. Papsdorf, Rainer Partonen, Timo Phillips, Michael R. Platt, Steve Portzky, Gwendolyn Psota, Georg Qin, Ping Radeloff, Daniel Reif, Andreas Reif-Leonhard, Christine Rezaeian, Mohsen Román-Vázquez, Nayda Roskar, Saska Rozanov, Vsevolod Sara, Grant Scavacini, Karen Schneider, Barbara Semenova, Natalia Sinyor, Mark Tambuzzi, Stefano Townsend, Ellen Ueda, Michiko Wasserman, Danuta Webb, Roger T. Winkler, Petr Yip, Paul S.F. Zalsman, Gil Zoja, Riccardo John, Ann Spittal, Matthew J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gunnell, David Shin, Sangsoo Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos Arya, Vikas Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa Appleby, Louis Arafat, S. M. Yasir Arensman, Ella Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh Bantjes, Jason Baran, Anna Behera, Chittaranjan Bertolote, Jose [UNESP] Borges, Guilherme Bray, Michael Brečić, Petrana Caine, Eric Calati, Raffaella Carli, Vladimir Castelpietra, Giulio Chan, Lai Fong Chang, Shu-Sen Colchester, David Coss-Guzmán, Maria Crompton, David Ćurković, Marko Dandona, Rakhi De Jaegere, Eva De Leo, Diego Deisenhammer, Eberhard A. Dwyer, Jeremy Erlangsen, Annette Faust, Jeremy S. Fornaro, Michele Fortune, Sarah Garrett, Andrew Gentile, Guendalina Gerstner, Rebekka Gilissen, Renske Gould, Madelyn Gupta, Sudhir Kumar Hawton, Keith Holz, Franziska Kamenshchikov, Iurii Kapur, Navneet Kasal, Alexandr Khan, Murad Kirtley, Olivia J. Knipe, Duleeka Kõlves, Kairi Kölzer, Sarah C. Krivda, Hryhorii Leske, Stuart Madeddu, Fabio Marshall, Andrew Memon, Anjum Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor Nestadt, Paul Neznanov, Nikolay Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Nielsen, Emma Nordentoft, Merete Oberlerchner, Herwig O'Connor, Rory C. Papsdorf, Rainer Partonen, Timo Phillips, Michael R. Platt, Steve Portzky, Gwendolyn Psota, Georg Qin, Ping Radeloff, Daniel Reif, Andreas Reif-Leonhard, Christine Rezaeian, Mohsen Román-Vázquez, Nayda Roskar, Saska Rozanov, Vsevolod Sara, Grant Scavacini, Karen Schneider, Barbara Semenova, Natalia Sinyor, Mark Tambuzzi, Stefano Townsend, Ellen Ueda, Michiko Wasserman, Danuta Webb, Roger T. Winkler, Petr Yip, Paul S.F. Zalsman, Gil Zoja, Riccardo John, Ann Spittal, Matthew J. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
University of Melbourne University of Bristol Swansea University Medical School Ministry of Public Health University of Manchester Enam Medical College and Hospital University College Cork Griffith University Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM) All India Institute of Medical Sciences South African Medical Research Council Stellenbosch University Ministry of Health Linnaeus University Blekinge Hospital Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine School of Medicine University of Zagreb University of Rochester Medical Center University of Milan-Bicocca Nimes University Hospital Karolinska Institutet Outpatient and Inpatient Care Service National University of Malaysia National Taiwan University Thames Valley Police Puerto Rico Department of Health's Commission on Suicide Prevention Public Health Foundation of India University of Washington Ghent University Medical University of Innsbruck Coroners Court of Victoria Mental Health Centre Copenhagen Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health Australian National University Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Harvard Medical School Federico II University of Naples The University of Auckland Tasmanian Magistrates Court University of Milan German Institute for Medical Mission Research Department Columbia University Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute University of Oxford Goethe University Frankfurt Udmurtia Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust National Institute of Mental Health Charles University Aga Khan University Center for Contextual Psychiatry Odessa National Medical University Brighton and Sussex Medical School Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University Medical University of Vienna University of Nottingham Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee University of Glasgow University Hospital Leipzig Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Columbia University University of Edinburgh Psychosocial Services in Vienna University of Oslo University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences National Institute of Public Health Saint Petersburg State University NSW Ministry of Health Instituto Vita Alere Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre University of Toronto Faculty of Political Science and Economics The University of Hong Kong Tel Aviv University |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pirkis, Jane Gunnell, David Shin, Sangsoo Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos Arya, Vikas Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa Appleby, Louis Arafat, S. M. Yasir Arensman, Ella Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh Bantjes, Jason Baran, Anna Behera, Chittaranjan Bertolote, Jose [UNESP] Borges, Guilherme Bray, Michael Brečić, Petrana Caine, Eric Calati, Raffaella Carli, Vladimir Castelpietra, Giulio Chan, Lai Fong Chang, Shu-Sen Colchester, David Coss-Guzmán, Maria Crompton, David Ćurković, Marko Dandona, Rakhi De Jaegere, Eva De Leo, Diego Deisenhammer, Eberhard A. Dwyer, Jeremy Erlangsen, Annette Faust, Jeremy S. Fornaro, Michele Fortune, Sarah Garrett, Andrew Gentile, Guendalina Gerstner, Rebekka Gilissen, Renske Gould, Madelyn Gupta, Sudhir Kumar Hawton, Keith Holz, Franziska Kamenshchikov, Iurii Kapur, Navneet Kasal, Alexandr Khan, Murad Kirtley, Olivia J. Knipe, Duleeka Kõlves, Kairi Kölzer, Sarah C. Krivda, Hryhorii Leske, Stuart Madeddu, Fabio Marshall, Andrew Memon, Anjum Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor Nestadt, Paul Neznanov, Nikolay Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Nielsen, Emma Nordentoft, Merete Oberlerchner, Herwig O'Connor, Rory C. Papsdorf, Rainer Partonen, Timo Phillips, Michael R. Platt, Steve Portzky, Gwendolyn Psota, Georg Qin, Ping Radeloff, Daniel Reif, Andreas Reif-Leonhard, Christine Rezaeian, Mohsen Román-Vázquez, Nayda Roskar, Saska Rozanov, Vsevolod Sara, Grant Scavacini, Karen Schneider, Barbara Semenova, Natalia Sinyor, Mark Tambuzzi, Stefano Townsend, Ellen Ueda, Michiko Wasserman, Danuta Webb, Roger T. Winkler, Petr Yip, Paul S.F. Zalsman, Gil Zoja, Riccardo John, Ann Spittal, Matthew J. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
COVID-19 Monitoring Pandemic Suicide |
topic |
COVID-19 Monitoring Pandemic Suicide |
description |
Background: Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods: We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age- and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings: We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries’ COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries’ income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation: Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Funding: None. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-09-01 2023-03-01T21:04:17Z 2023-03-01T21:04:17Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573 eClinicalMedicine, v. 51. 2589-5370 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/241459 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573 2-s2.0-85135354142 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/241459 |
identifier_str_mv |
eClinicalMedicine, v. 51. 2589-5370 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573 2-s2.0-85135354142 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
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eClinicalMedicine |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
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UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808128170500554752 |