Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins3020142 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20015 |
Resumo: | The 6-hydroxytrypargine (6-HT) is an alkaloidal toxin of the group of tetrahydro-beta-carbolines (TH beta C) isolated from the venom of the colonial spider Parawixia bistriata. These alkaloids are reversible inhibitors of the monoamine-oxidase enzyme (MAO), with hallucinogenic, tremorigenic and anxiolytic properties. The toxin 6-HT was the first TH beta C chemically reported in the venom of spiders; however, it was not functionally well characterized up to now. The action of 6-HT was investigated by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) applications of the toxin in adult male Wistar rats, followed by the monitoring of the expression of fos-protein, combined with the use of double labeling immunehistochemistry protocols for the detection of some nervous receptors and enzymes related to the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). We also investigated the epileptiform activity in presence of this toxin. The assays were carried out in normal hippocampal neurons and also in a model of chronic epilepsy obtained by the use of neurons incubated in free-magnesium artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (ACSF). Trypargine, a well known TH beta C toxin, was used as standard compound for comparative purposes. Fos-immunoreactive cells (fos-ir) were observed in hypothalamic and thalamic areas, while the double-labeling identified nervous receptors of the sub-types rGlu2/3 and NMR1, and orexinergic neurons. The 6-HT was administrated by perfusion and ejection in brain slices of hippocampus, inducing epileptic activity after its administration; the toxin was not able to block the epileptogenic crisis observed in the chronic model of the epilepsy, suggesting that 6-HT did not block the overactive GluRs responsible for this epileptic activity. |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats6-hydroxytryparginefos proteinimmunohistochemistryhypothalamushippocampusepilepsyNMDAneurotoxicityThe 6-hydroxytrypargine (6-HT) is an alkaloidal toxin of the group of tetrahydro-beta-carbolines (TH beta C) isolated from the venom of the colonial spider Parawixia bistriata. These alkaloids are reversible inhibitors of the monoamine-oxidase enzyme (MAO), with hallucinogenic, tremorigenic and anxiolytic properties. The toxin 6-HT was the first TH beta C chemically reported in the venom of spiders; however, it was not functionally well characterized up to now. The action of 6-HT was investigated by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) applications of the toxin in adult male Wistar rats, followed by the monitoring of the expression of fos-protein, combined with the use of double labeling immunehistochemistry protocols for the detection of some nervous receptors and enzymes related to the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). We also investigated the epileptiform activity in presence of this toxin. The assays were carried out in normal hippocampal neurons and also in a model of chronic epilepsy obtained by the use of neurons incubated in free-magnesium artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (ACSF). Trypargine, a well known TH beta C toxin, was used as standard compound for comparative purposes. Fos-immunoreactive cells (fos-ir) were observed in hypothalamic and thalamic areas, while the double-labeling identified nervous receptors of the sub-types rGlu2/3 and NMR1, and orexinergic neurons. The 6-HT was administrated by perfusion and ejection in brain slices of hippocampus, inducing epileptic activity after its administration; the toxin was not able to block the epileptogenic crisis observed in the chronic model of the epilepsy, suggesting that 6-HT did not block the overactive GluRs responsible for this epileptic activity.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)São Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, CEIS, Dept Biol,Lab Struct Biol & Zoochem, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilPontif Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS, Inst Biomed Res, Neurosci Lab, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Lab Chem Neuroanat, Dept Anat, BR-05508900 São Paulo, BrazilPontif Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS, Brain Inst InsCer, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSão Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, CEIS, Dept Biol,Lab Struct Biol & Zoochem, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 04/07942-2FAPESP: 06/57122-7Mdpi AgUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Cesar-Tognoli, Lilian M. M. [UNESP]Salamoni, Simone D.Tavares, Andrea A.Elias, Carol F.Da Costa, Jaderson C.Bittencourt, Jackson C.Palma, Mario Sergio [UNESP]2014-05-20T13:55:55Z2014-05-20T13:55:55Z2011-02-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article142-162application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins3020142Toxins. Basel: Mdpi Ag, v. 3, n. 2, p. 142-162, 2011.2072-6651http://hdl.handle.net/11449/2001510.3390/toxins3020142WOS:000307974700003WOS000307974700003.pdf2901888624506535Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengToxins3.2730,955info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-10-22T06:03:39Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/20015Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T15:34:16.334020Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
title |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
spellingShingle |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats Cesar-Tognoli, Lilian M. M. [UNESP] 6-hydroxytrypargine fos protein immunohistochemistry hypothalamus hippocampus epilepsy NMDA neurotoxicity |
title_short |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
title_full |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
title_sort |
Effects of Spider Venom Toxin PWTX-I (6-Hydroxytrypargine) on the Central Nervous System of Rats |
author |
Cesar-Tognoli, Lilian M. M. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Cesar-Tognoli, Lilian M. M. [UNESP] Salamoni, Simone D. Tavares, Andrea A. Elias, Carol F. Da Costa, Jaderson C. Bittencourt, Jackson C. Palma, Mario Sergio [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Salamoni, Simone D. Tavares, Andrea A. Elias, Carol F. Da Costa, Jaderson C. Bittencourt, Jackson C. Palma, Mario Sergio [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cesar-Tognoli, Lilian M. M. [UNESP] Salamoni, Simone D. Tavares, Andrea A. Elias, Carol F. Da Costa, Jaderson C. Bittencourt, Jackson C. Palma, Mario Sergio [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
6-hydroxytrypargine fos protein immunohistochemistry hypothalamus hippocampus epilepsy NMDA neurotoxicity |
topic |
6-hydroxytrypargine fos protein immunohistochemistry hypothalamus hippocampus epilepsy NMDA neurotoxicity |
description |
The 6-hydroxytrypargine (6-HT) is an alkaloidal toxin of the group of tetrahydro-beta-carbolines (TH beta C) isolated from the venom of the colonial spider Parawixia bistriata. These alkaloids are reversible inhibitors of the monoamine-oxidase enzyme (MAO), with hallucinogenic, tremorigenic and anxiolytic properties. The toxin 6-HT was the first TH beta C chemically reported in the venom of spiders; however, it was not functionally well characterized up to now. The action of 6-HT was investigated by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) applications of the toxin in adult male Wistar rats, followed by the monitoring of the expression of fos-protein, combined with the use of double labeling immunehistochemistry protocols for the detection of some nervous receptors and enzymes related to the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). We also investigated the epileptiform activity in presence of this toxin. The assays were carried out in normal hippocampal neurons and also in a model of chronic epilepsy obtained by the use of neurons incubated in free-magnesium artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (ACSF). Trypargine, a well known TH beta C toxin, was used as standard compound for comparative purposes. Fos-immunoreactive cells (fos-ir) were observed in hypothalamic and thalamic areas, while the double-labeling identified nervous receptors of the sub-types rGlu2/3 and NMR1, and orexinergic neurons. The 6-HT was administrated by perfusion and ejection in brain slices of hippocampus, inducing epileptic activity after its administration; the toxin was not able to block the epileptogenic crisis observed in the chronic model of the epilepsy, suggesting that 6-HT did not block the overactive GluRs responsible for this epileptic activity. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-02-01 2014-05-20T13:55:55Z 2014-05-20T13:55:55Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins3020142 Toxins. Basel: Mdpi Ag, v. 3, n. 2, p. 142-162, 2011. 2072-6651 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20015 10.3390/toxins3020142 WOS:000307974700003 WOS000307974700003.pdf 2901888624506535 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins3020142 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20015 |
identifier_str_mv |
Toxins. Basel: Mdpi Ag, v. 3, n. 2, p. 142-162, 2011. 2072-6651 10.3390/toxins3020142 WOS:000307974700003 WOS000307974700003.pdf 2901888624506535 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Toxins 3.273 0,955 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
142-162 application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi Ag |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi Ag |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
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1808128534102671360 |