Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Neely, Wesley J.
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Greenspan, Sasha E., Ribeiro, Luisa P., Carvalho, Tamilie, Martins, Renato A., Rodriguez, David, Rohr, Jason R., Haddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP], Toledo, Luís Felipe, Becker, C. Guilherme
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/200367
Resumo: Cool-adapted species inhabiting montane tropical forests are vulnerable to heat stress associated with climate warming. According to the thermal mismatch hypothesis, pathogens are predicted to have broader thermal tolerances than their hosts, which can lead to increased pathogen loads and host mortality when temperatures are outside hosts' thermal optima. We tested the thermal mismatch hypothesis in two habitat generalist species expected to have wide thermal tolerance ranges: Dendropsophus minutus captured at a high elevation and D. elegans captured at a warmer low elevation. We also tested high-elevation individuals of the Brazilian direct-developing species Ischnocnema parva, which are expected to have a narrow thermal tolerance range based on life history. We exposed all frogs to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) under three temperatures ranging from the average nighttime temperature where frogs were collected (16 and 21 °C for high and low elevations, respectively) to a simulated warming event (26 °C). Bd loads across all three host species were negatively associated with temperature. However, the interaction between Bd infection and warming led to increased mortality in cool-adapted I. parva at higher temperatures, despite lower infection loads. Our results indicate that Bd may lead to declines of cool-adapted montane frogs under the combined pressures of pathogen infection and warming, even at temperatures approaching the pathogen's upper thermal limit. Thus, climatic warming at a level that lowers fitness of heat-sensitive pathogens may not uniformly reduce host disease risk.
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spelling Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogsBatrachochytrium dendrobatidisBrazilChytridiomycosisClimate changeDendropsophusDirect developmentElevationIschnocnemaThermal mismatchCool-adapted species inhabiting montane tropical forests are vulnerable to heat stress associated with climate warming. According to the thermal mismatch hypothesis, pathogens are predicted to have broader thermal tolerances than their hosts, which can lead to increased pathogen loads and host mortality when temperatures are outside hosts' thermal optima. We tested the thermal mismatch hypothesis in two habitat generalist species expected to have wide thermal tolerance ranges: Dendropsophus minutus captured at a high elevation and D. elegans captured at a warmer low elevation. We also tested high-elevation individuals of the Brazilian direct-developing species Ischnocnema parva, which are expected to have a narrow thermal tolerance range based on life history. We exposed all frogs to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) under three temperatures ranging from the average nighttime temperature where frogs were collected (16 and 21 °C for high and low elevations, respectively) to a simulated warming event (26 °C). Bd loads across all three host species were negatively associated with temperature. However, the interaction between Bd infection and warming led to increased mortality in cool-adapted I. parva at higher temperatures, despite lower infection loads. Our results indicate that Bd may lead to declines of cool-adapted montane frogs under the combined pressures of pathogen infection and warming, even at temperatures approaching the pathogen's upper thermal limit. Thus, climatic warming at a level that lowers fitness of heat-sensitive pathogens may not uniformly reduce host disease risk.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Department of Biological Sciences The University of AlabamaDepartamento de Biologia Animal Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Federal de São CarlosDepartment of Biology Texas State UniversityDepartment of Biological Sciences University of Notre DameDepartamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)FAPESP: 2013/50741-7FAPESP: 2016/03344-0FAPESP: 2016/25358-3FAPESP: 2018/23622-0CNPq: 300896/2016-6CNPq: 306623/2018-8The University of AlabamaUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)Texas State UniversityUniversity of Notre DameUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Neely, Wesley J.Greenspan, Sasha E.Ribeiro, Luisa P.Carvalho, TamilieMartins, Renato A.Rodriguez, DavidRohr, Jason R.Haddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP]Toledo, Luís FelipeBecker, C. Guilherme2020-12-12T02:04:44Z2020-12-12T02:04:44Z2020-05-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521Biological Conservation, v. 245.0006-3207http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20036710.1016/j.biocon.2020.1085212-s2.0-85084205199Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengBiological Conservationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-04-09T15:29:58Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/200367Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T18:29:01.477977Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
title Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
spellingShingle Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
Neely, Wesley J.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Brazil
Chytridiomycosis
Climate change
Dendropsophus
Direct development
Elevation
Ischnocnema
Thermal mismatch
title_short Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
title_full Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
title_fullStr Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
title_full_unstemmed Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
title_sort Synergistic effects of warming and disease linked to high mortality in cool-adapted terrestrial frogs
author Neely, Wesley J.
author_facet Neely, Wesley J.
Greenspan, Sasha E.
Ribeiro, Luisa P.
Carvalho, Tamilie
Martins, Renato A.
Rodriguez, David
Rohr, Jason R.
Haddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP]
Toledo, Luís Felipe
Becker, C. Guilherme
author_role author
author2 Greenspan, Sasha E.
Ribeiro, Luisa P.
Carvalho, Tamilie
Martins, Renato A.
Rodriguez, David
Rohr, Jason R.
Haddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP]
Toledo, Luís Felipe
Becker, C. Guilherme
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv The University of Alabama
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
Texas State University
University of Notre Dame
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Neely, Wesley J.
Greenspan, Sasha E.
Ribeiro, Luisa P.
Carvalho, Tamilie
Martins, Renato A.
Rodriguez, David
Rohr, Jason R.
Haddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP]
Toledo, Luís Felipe
Becker, C. Guilherme
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Brazil
Chytridiomycosis
Climate change
Dendropsophus
Direct development
Elevation
Ischnocnema
Thermal mismatch
topic Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Brazil
Chytridiomycosis
Climate change
Dendropsophus
Direct development
Elevation
Ischnocnema
Thermal mismatch
description Cool-adapted species inhabiting montane tropical forests are vulnerable to heat stress associated with climate warming. According to the thermal mismatch hypothesis, pathogens are predicted to have broader thermal tolerances than their hosts, which can lead to increased pathogen loads and host mortality when temperatures are outside hosts' thermal optima. We tested the thermal mismatch hypothesis in two habitat generalist species expected to have wide thermal tolerance ranges: Dendropsophus minutus captured at a high elevation and D. elegans captured at a warmer low elevation. We also tested high-elevation individuals of the Brazilian direct-developing species Ischnocnema parva, which are expected to have a narrow thermal tolerance range based on life history. We exposed all frogs to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) under three temperatures ranging from the average nighttime temperature where frogs were collected (16 and 21 °C for high and low elevations, respectively) to a simulated warming event (26 °C). Bd loads across all three host species were negatively associated with temperature. However, the interaction between Bd infection and warming led to increased mortality in cool-adapted I. parva at higher temperatures, despite lower infection loads. Our results indicate that Bd may lead to declines of cool-adapted montane frogs under the combined pressures of pathogen infection and warming, even at temperatures approaching the pathogen's upper thermal limit. Thus, climatic warming at a level that lowers fitness of heat-sensitive pathogens may not uniformly reduce host disease risk.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-12T02:04:44Z
2020-12-12T02:04:44Z
2020-05-01
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521
Biological Conservation, v. 245.
0006-3207
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/200367
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521
2-s2.0-85084205199
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/200367
identifier_str_mv Biological Conservation, v. 245.
0006-3207
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108521
2-s2.0-85084205199
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Biological Conservation
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scopus
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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