Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221901 |
Resumo: | Leaf-litter production is an essential part of the carbon cycle of tropical forests. In the Amazon, it is influenced by climate, presenting high levels during the driest months of the year. However, it is less established how extreme climatic events may impact leaf-litter production in the long term. Even more unclear is how litter production is affected by human-driven disturbances. Here we examine the effects of the 2015–16 El Niño drought and subsequent fires in the leaf-litter production of human-modified Amazonian forests, thus investigating the interactions of a climatic extreme with anthropogenic disturbances on this key process of the Amazonian carbon cycle. We sampled leaf litter from April 2015 until March 2019 across 20 plots located in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, in a total of 11,548 samples. Plots were distributed along a pre-El Niño gradient of human disturbance, including undisturbed, logged, logged-and-burned, and secondary forests. All plots were impacted by the extreme drought caused by the 2015–16 El Niño, and eight were also impacted by understory fires. We found a significant and non-linear relationship between precipitation and monthly leaf-litter production – above 300 mm of monthly precipitation, the production of leaf-litter becomes independent of rainfall. Surprisingly, this relationship was not influenced by pre-El Niño forest disturbance class. During the El Niño, leaf-litter production was higher, decreasing sharply in the following year, especially in El Niño-fire-affected forests. Between 2017 and 2019, all forests experienced a gradual increase in the production of leaf litter. However, the mechanisms behind this increase remain unclear and are likely different between forests affected only by the El Niño drought and those affected by both the drought and fires. Our results suggest that while leaf-litter production may be insensitive to past human disturbances, it is affected, in the short term, by extreme climatic events, especially in forests impacted by El Niño fires. |
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Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016AmazonCarbon cyclingDroughtEl NiñoLitterWildfireLeaf-litter production is an essential part of the carbon cycle of tropical forests. In the Amazon, it is influenced by climate, presenting high levels during the driest months of the year. However, it is less established how extreme climatic events may impact leaf-litter production in the long term. Even more unclear is how litter production is affected by human-driven disturbances. Here we examine the effects of the 2015–16 El Niño drought and subsequent fires in the leaf-litter production of human-modified Amazonian forests, thus investigating the interactions of a climatic extreme with anthropogenic disturbances on this key process of the Amazonian carbon cycle. We sampled leaf litter from April 2015 until March 2019 across 20 plots located in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, in a total of 11,548 samples. Plots were distributed along a pre-El Niño gradient of human disturbance, including undisturbed, logged, logged-and-burned, and secondary forests. All plots were impacted by the extreme drought caused by the 2015–16 El Niño, and eight were also impacted by understory fires. We found a significant and non-linear relationship between precipitation and monthly leaf-litter production – above 300 mm of monthly precipitation, the production of leaf-litter becomes independent of rainfall. Surprisingly, this relationship was not influenced by pre-El Niño forest disturbance class. During the El Niño, leaf-litter production was higher, decreasing sharply in the following year, especially in El Niño-fire-affected forests. Between 2017 and 2019, all forests experienced a gradual increase in the production of leaf litter. However, the mechanisms behind this increase remain unclear and are likely different between forests affected only by the El Niño drought and those affected by both the drought and fires. Our results suggest that while leaf-litter production may be insensitive to past human disturbances, it is affected, in the short term, by extreme climatic events, especially in forests impacted by El Niño fires.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia (PPGECO) Universidade Federal do ParáEnvironmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of OxfordLancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversitySetor de Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal de LavrasDepartamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual PaulistaEmbrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n, CP 48Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual PaulistaUniversidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)University of OxfordLancaster UniversityUniversidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)Oliveira de Morais, Tainá MadalenaBerenguer, ErikaBarlow, JosFrança, FilipeLennox, Gareth D.Malhi, YadvinderChesini Rossi, Liana [UNESP]Maria Moraes de Seixas, MarinaFerreira, Joice2022-04-28T19:41:19Z2022-04-28T19:41:19Z2021-09-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441Forest Ecology and Management, v. 496.0378-1127http://hdl.handle.net/11449/22190110.1016/j.foreco.2021.1194412-s2.0-85109170353Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengForest Ecology and Managementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-04-28T19:41:19Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/221901Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T18:07:35.084367Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
title |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
spellingShingle |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 Oliveira de Morais, Tainá Madalena Amazon Carbon cycling Drought El Niño Litter Wildfire |
title_short |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
title_full |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
title_fullStr |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
title_sort |
Leaf-litter production in human-modified Amazonian forests following the El Niño-mediated drought and fires of 2015–2016 |
author |
Oliveira de Morais, Tainá Madalena |
author_facet |
Oliveira de Morais, Tainá Madalena Berenguer, Erika Barlow, Jos França, Filipe Lennox, Gareth D. Malhi, Yadvinder Chesini Rossi, Liana [UNESP] Maria Moraes de Seixas, Marina Ferreira, Joice |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Berenguer, Erika Barlow, Jos França, Filipe Lennox, Gareth D. Malhi, Yadvinder Chesini Rossi, Liana [UNESP] Maria Moraes de Seixas, Marina Ferreira, Joice |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) University of Oxford Lancaster University Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira de Morais, Tainá Madalena Berenguer, Erika Barlow, Jos França, Filipe Lennox, Gareth D. Malhi, Yadvinder Chesini Rossi, Liana [UNESP] Maria Moraes de Seixas, Marina Ferreira, Joice |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Amazon Carbon cycling Drought El Niño Litter Wildfire |
topic |
Amazon Carbon cycling Drought El Niño Litter Wildfire |
description |
Leaf-litter production is an essential part of the carbon cycle of tropical forests. In the Amazon, it is influenced by climate, presenting high levels during the driest months of the year. However, it is less established how extreme climatic events may impact leaf-litter production in the long term. Even more unclear is how litter production is affected by human-driven disturbances. Here we examine the effects of the 2015–16 El Niño drought and subsequent fires in the leaf-litter production of human-modified Amazonian forests, thus investigating the interactions of a climatic extreme with anthropogenic disturbances on this key process of the Amazonian carbon cycle. We sampled leaf litter from April 2015 until March 2019 across 20 plots located in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, in a total of 11,548 samples. Plots were distributed along a pre-El Niño gradient of human disturbance, including undisturbed, logged, logged-and-burned, and secondary forests. All plots were impacted by the extreme drought caused by the 2015–16 El Niño, and eight were also impacted by understory fires. We found a significant and non-linear relationship between precipitation and monthly leaf-litter production – above 300 mm of monthly precipitation, the production of leaf-litter becomes independent of rainfall. Surprisingly, this relationship was not influenced by pre-El Niño forest disturbance class. During the El Niño, leaf-litter production was higher, decreasing sharply in the following year, especially in El Niño-fire-affected forests. Between 2017 and 2019, all forests experienced a gradual increase in the production of leaf litter. However, the mechanisms behind this increase remain unclear and are likely different between forests affected only by the El Niño drought and those affected by both the drought and fires. Our results suggest that while leaf-litter production may be insensitive to past human disturbances, it is affected, in the short term, by extreme climatic events, especially in forests impacted by El Niño fires. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-09-15 2022-04-28T19:41:19Z 2022-04-28T19:41:19Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441 Forest Ecology and Management, v. 496. 0378-1127 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221901 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441 2-s2.0-85109170353 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221901 |
identifier_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management, v. 496. 0378-1127 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119441 2-s2.0-85109170353 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808128898967273472 |