Avaliação do potencial de produção de energia a partir do tratamento de esgoto sanitário em reatores anaeróbios

• Autor(a) principal: Pratti, Mariana Furlan [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144010; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2016-09-13/000868911.pdf
• topic: Resíduos; Biogas; Metano; Esgotos; Energia - Fontes alternativas

The crisis of the energy and the consequent search for alternative and sustainable sources of energy that contribute to environmental quality maintenance, make the biogas a potential source of energy due to its high contents of methane. Hence, in this context, the main objective of this work is to highlight the potential of energy generation derived from the biogas generated in the treatment of domestic sewage in anaerobic reactors. The methodology was based on a literature review that allowed to establish a representative database regarding the chemical oxygen demand, the organic loading rate and other input parameters of the reactors. These, when necessary, were standardized to the so called mesophilic treatment conditions (T=25°C) and used to determine the theoretical (ideal) and real values (derived from experimental procedures) of methane yield, methane volumetric production and finally, methane energetic potential that makes up the main result. The average value obtained for energy potential was approximately 12,000 kWh/day, which represents about 5 % of the total energy generated at Itaipu in 2015, making it possible to serve approximately 2,400 Brazilian medium class houses. Due to the low number of serviced residences and total kilowatts generated, at the first glance, the biogas energy recovery does not seem promising. However, considering that Brazil has favorable climatic conditions for the operation of anaerobic systems with low power consumption, it can be said that the energy generated by the biogas energy recovery ensures energy autonomy to the plant, condition already verified by the treatment plant of Ouro Verde, at Foz do Iguaçu. That experiment allows us to say that the energy use of methane in real scale is quite feasible, being, however, necessary efforts in the academic, scientific and political spheres in such way that more efficient technologies can be developed to take full advantage of this type of energy...