Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.662029 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221983 |
Resumo: | This study analyzed whether 100- and 200-m interval training (IT) in swimming differed regarding temporal, perceptual, and physiological responses. The IT was performed at maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) until exhaustion and time spent near to maximalVO2 peak oxygen uptake (⩒O2peak), total time limit (tLim), peak blood lactate [La−] peak, ⩒O2 kinetics (⩒O2K), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were compared between protocols. Twelve swimmers (seven males 16.1 ± 1.1 and five females 14.2 ± 1 years) completed a discontinuous incremental step test for the second ventilatory threshold (VT2), ⩒O2peak, and MAV assessment. The swimmers subsequently completed two IT protocols at MAV with 100- and 200-m bouts to determine the maximal ⩒O2 (peak-⩒O2) and time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95% of ⩒O2peak for the entire protocols (IT100 and IT200) and during the first 800-m of each protocol (IT8x100 and IT4x200). A portable apparatus (K4b2) sampled gas exchange through a snorkel and an underwater led signal controlled the velocity. RPE was also recorded. The Peak-⩒O2 attained during IT8x100 and IT4x200 (57.3 ± 4.9 vs. 57.2 ± 4.6 ml·kg−1·min−1) were not different between protocols (p = 0.98) nor to ⩒O2peak (59.2 ± 4.2 ml·kg−1·min−1, p = 0.37). The time constant of ⩒O2K (24.9 ± 8.4 vs. 25.1 ± 6.3-s, p = 0.67) and [La−] peak (7.9 ± 3.4 and 8.7 ± 1.5 mmol·L−1, p = 0.15) also did not differ between IT100 and IT200. The time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95%⩒O2peak were also not different between IT8x100 and IT4x200 (p = 0.93, 0.63, and 1.00, respectively). The RPE for IT8x100 was lower than that for IT4x200 (7.62 ± 2 vs. 9.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.01). Both protocols are considered suitable for aerobic power enhancement, since ⩒O2peak was attained with similar ⩒O2K and sustained with no differences in tLim. However, the fact that only the RPE differed between the IT protocols suggested that coaches should consider that nx100-m/15-s is perceived as less difficult to perform compared with nx200-m/30-s for the first 800-m when managing the best strategy to be implemented for aerobic power training. |
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Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmersinterval trainingoxygen uptake kineticsperformanceswimmingwork-intervalThis study analyzed whether 100- and 200-m interval training (IT) in swimming differed regarding temporal, perceptual, and physiological responses. The IT was performed at maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) until exhaustion and time spent near to maximalVO2 peak oxygen uptake (⩒O2peak), total time limit (tLim), peak blood lactate [La−] peak, ⩒O2 kinetics (⩒O2K), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were compared between protocols. Twelve swimmers (seven males 16.1 ± 1.1 and five females 14.2 ± 1 years) completed a discontinuous incremental step test for the second ventilatory threshold (VT2), ⩒O2peak, and MAV assessment. The swimmers subsequently completed two IT protocols at MAV with 100- and 200-m bouts to determine the maximal ⩒O2 (peak-⩒O2) and time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95% of ⩒O2peak for the entire protocols (IT100 and IT200) and during the first 800-m of each protocol (IT8x100 and IT4x200). A portable apparatus (K4b2) sampled gas exchange through a snorkel and an underwater led signal controlled the velocity. RPE was also recorded. The Peak-⩒O2 attained during IT8x100 and IT4x200 (57.3 ± 4.9 vs. 57.2 ± 4.6 ml·kg−1·min−1) were not different between protocols (p = 0.98) nor to ⩒O2peak (59.2 ± 4.2 ml·kg−1·min−1, p = 0.37). The time constant of ⩒O2K (24.9 ± 8.4 vs. 25.1 ± 6.3-s, p = 0.67) and [La−] peak (7.9 ± 3.4 and 8.7 ± 1.5 mmol·L−1, p = 0.15) also did not differ between IT100 and IT200. The time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95%⩒O2peak were also not different between IT8x100 and IT4x200 (p = 0.93, 0.63, and 1.00, respectively). The RPE for IT8x100 was lower than that for IT4x200 (7.62 ± 2 vs. 9.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.01). Both protocols are considered suitable for aerobic power enhancement, since ⩒O2peak was attained with similar ⩒O2K and sustained with no differences in tLim. However, the fact that only the RPE differed between the IT protocols suggested that coaches should consider that nx100-m/15-s is perceived as less difficult to perform compared with nx200-m/30-s for the first 800-m when managing the best strategy to be implemented for aerobic power training.Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaFoundation for Science and TechnologyInterdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER) Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de LisboaFaculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de LisboaDepartment of Physical Education São Paulo State University (UNESP)Institute of Bioscience Graduate Program in Human Development and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP)Department of Science and Technology Polytechnic Institute of SetúbalQuality of Life Research CenterDepartment of Physical Education São Paulo State University (UNESP)Institute of Bioscience Graduate Program in Human Development and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP)Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: UIDB/04748/2020Foundation for Science and Technology: UIDB/04748/2020Universidade de LisboaUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Polytechnic Institute of SetúbalQuality of Life Research CenterAlmeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP]Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP]Espada, Mário CunhaReis, Joana FilipaSancassani, Andrei [UNESP]Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP]Santos, Fernando JorgeAlves, Francisco Besone2022-04-28T19:41:39Z2022-04-28T19:41:39Z2021-07-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.662029Frontiers in Physiology, v. 12.1664-042Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/22198310.3389/fphys.2021.6620292-s2.0-85110530010Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengFrontiers in Physiologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-04-28T19:41:39Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/221983Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T17:40:50.253728Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
title |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
spellingShingle |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] interval training oxygen uptake kinetics performance swimming work-interval |
title_short |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
title_full |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
title_fullStr |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
title_sort |
Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers |
author |
Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Sancassani, Andrei [UNESP] Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] Santos, Fernando Jorge Alves, Francisco Besone |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Sancassani, Andrei [UNESP] Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] Santos, Fernando Jorge Alves, Francisco Besone |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de Lisboa Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal Quality of Life Research Center |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Sancassani, Andrei [UNESP] Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] Santos, Fernando Jorge Alves, Francisco Besone |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
interval training oxygen uptake kinetics performance swimming work-interval |
topic |
interval training oxygen uptake kinetics performance swimming work-interval |
description |
This study analyzed whether 100- and 200-m interval training (IT) in swimming differed regarding temporal, perceptual, and physiological responses. The IT was performed at maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) until exhaustion and time spent near to maximalVO2 peak oxygen uptake (⩒O2peak), total time limit (tLim), peak blood lactate [La−] peak, ⩒O2 kinetics (⩒O2K), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were compared between protocols. Twelve swimmers (seven males 16.1 ± 1.1 and five females 14.2 ± 1 years) completed a discontinuous incremental step test for the second ventilatory threshold (VT2), ⩒O2peak, and MAV assessment. The swimmers subsequently completed two IT protocols at MAV with 100- and 200-m bouts to determine the maximal ⩒O2 (peak-⩒O2) and time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95% of ⩒O2peak for the entire protocols (IT100 and IT200) and during the first 800-m of each protocol (IT8x100 and IT4x200). A portable apparatus (K4b2) sampled gas exchange through a snorkel and an underwater led signal controlled the velocity. RPE was also recorded. The Peak-⩒O2 attained during IT8x100 and IT4x200 (57.3 ± 4.9 vs. 57.2 ± 4.6 ml·kg−1·min−1) were not different between protocols (p = 0.98) nor to ⩒O2peak (59.2 ± 4.2 ml·kg−1·min−1, p = 0.37). The time constant of ⩒O2K (24.9 ± 8.4 vs. 25.1 ± 6.3-s, p = 0.67) and [La−] peak (7.9 ± 3.4 and 8.7 ± 1.5 mmol·L−1, p = 0.15) also did not differ between IT100 and IT200. The time spent ≥VT2, 90, and 95%⩒O2peak were also not different between IT8x100 and IT4x200 (p = 0.93, 0.63, and 1.00, respectively). The RPE for IT8x100 was lower than that for IT4x200 (7.62 ± 2 vs. 9.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.01). Both protocols are considered suitable for aerobic power enhancement, since ⩒O2peak was attained with similar ⩒O2K and sustained with no differences in tLim. However, the fact that only the RPE differed between the IT protocols suggested that coaches should consider that nx100-m/15-s is perceived as less difficult to perform compared with nx200-m/30-s for the first 800-m when managing the best strategy to be implemented for aerobic power training. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-07-01 2022-04-28T19:41:39Z 2022-04-28T19:41:39Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.662029 Frontiers in Physiology, v. 12. 1664-042X http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221983 10.3389/fphys.2021.662029 2-s2.0-85110530010 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.662029 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/221983 |
identifier_str_mv |
Frontiers in Physiology, v. 12. 1664-042X 10.3389/fphys.2021.662029 2-s2.0-85110530010 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in Physiology |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808128843749261312 |