Análise energética e exergética de sistemas de cogeração em usinas de cana-de-açúcar

• Autor(a) principal: Francischetti, Felipe Rigone [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/156952; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2018-08-28/000906196.pdf
• topic: Energia eletrica e calor - Cogeração; Energia - Fontes alternativas; Biomassa; Renewable energy sources

The sugarcane is a widely cultivated product in São Paulo state and is used in the production of sugar and ethanol. The byproduct of this production, the bagasse, is used as a fuel in the boilers of systems of cogeneration from sugarcane mills, allowing the generation of electric energy together with the thermic exploitation of the steam generated in those systems, which is used in the plant and, in case of surplus, can be sold for the concessionaire of energy supply. The energy analysis allows the quantification of the production, the consume and eventually sale of the electric energy. However, it is not a complete analysis tool, being necessary the complimentary use of the exergy analysis. Using the exergy, this analysis identifies the irreversibilities present in the systems, allowing basement for the optimization of each equipment in use, in order to increase the individual efficiency and, in consequence, the cycle global efficiency. In this work is realized a comparison between two systems based in plants of real sugarcane industries. The first system, denominated case 1, represents a basic configuration and in the second, denominated case 2, there are proposed technological innovations. There are made energy and exergy analysis to evaluate the power generation and consumption, the irreversibilities and the efficiencies of the equipment and the systems used. An algorithm was elaborated to facilitate the calculation. The results show that the system of case 2 is superior than the one in case 1 in all the evaluated parameters, presenting improvement of 10.73 % in energy efficiency and 7.81 % in exergy efficiency. Thus, it was possible to validate the improvement made as options to be followed for real industries that look for increase the efficiency of their systems