Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Cambuim, José [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2017
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151021
Resumo: The forest fragment and progeny tests, with the function of assisting conservation, rehabilitation of ecological processes and promoting biodiversity conservation, play an important role in the restoration of degraded areas and reduce the negative effects of the destruction of natural environments. This work aimed to know the population structure, spatial distribution and effective size of native tree species present in a cerrado forest fragment, besides estimating the genetic variability in a test of mixed progenies of Myracrodruon urundeuva; Terminalia argentea and Astronium fraxinifolium; from silvicultural characters in Selvíria - MS, with a view to transforming them into an area to subsidize seed collection. In the forest fragment were measured and identified 1187 individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm, which make up the arboreal forest canopy. In an area of 0,89 ha were sampled, belonging to 60 species distributed in 31 families, with emphasis on the Fabaceae family with 11 species. The Shannon-Weaver index showed a H '= 2,98 nats ind-1, which can be considered as a mean diversity. The species with the highest Import Value Index (IVI) were Copaifera landesdorffii, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Parapiptadenia rigida, Qualea grandiflora, Qualea parviflora, Vochysia tucanorum, Tapirira guianensis, Astronium fraxinifolium, Xylopia aromatica, and Mabea fistulifera. Thus, among the species found with the highest IVI can be classified as potential for the lease of matrix trees to subsidize the collection of seeds. Therefore, they have an effective size that allows the formation of new populations, from the collection of seeds in this area of legal reserve. In the progenies test mixed at 22 years, the high values observed for SOB (M. urundeuva – 88,0%, A. fraxinifolium – 85,9% and T. argentea – 59,6%) indicated a good adaptation of the Species and potential for use in reforestation. Estimates of the coefficient of genetic variation ranged from 3,03% to 49,50%, estimating the lowest value obtained for the DAP variable in the three species. The individual heritabilities ranged from low (0,14) for T. argentea, and high (> 0,40) for M. urundeuva and A. fraxinifolium on the DAP character. The sex ratio for both species was biased for males, with the general proportion being 1,5 males for 1 female. The effective population size varied according to the proportion of males and females, and the one that most approached the real value of reproductive individuals was Myracrodruon urundeuva. Therefore, the selection of individuals within progeny tests should not only consider the growth character (DBH), but also on the basis of the sex ratio and the effective population size for its future transformation into a Seedling Seed Orchard. The information obtained from this study is useful for the conservation and genetic improvement of the species, as well as for the selection of potential matrices for environmental restoration, which will be fundamental for ecological restoration in areas of the Bolsão Sul-mato-grossense.
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spelling Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-GrossenseForest fragments and progeny tests: options for the collection of seeds in native tree species Bolsão Sul-Mato-GrossenseConservação ex-situConservação in-situTamanho efetivoMelhoramento florestalIn situ conservationEx-situ conservationEffective sizeForest improvementThe forest fragment and progeny tests, with the function of assisting conservation, rehabilitation of ecological processes and promoting biodiversity conservation, play an important role in the restoration of degraded areas and reduce the negative effects of the destruction of natural environments. This work aimed to know the population structure, spatial distribution and effective size of native tree species present in a cerrado forest fragment, besides estimating the genetic variability in a test of mixed progenies of Myracrodruon urundeuva; Terminalia argentea and Astronium fraxinifolium; from silvicultural characters in Selvíria - MS, with a view to transforming them into an area to subsidize seed collection. In the forest fragment were measured and identified 1187 individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm, which make up the arboreal forest canopy. In an area of 0,89 ha were sampled, belonging to 60 species distributed in 31 families, with emphasis on the Fabaceae family with 11 species. The Shannon-Weaver index showed a H '= 2,98 nats ind-1, which can be considered as a mean diversity. The species with the highest Import Value Index (IVI) were Copaifera landesdorffii, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Parapiptadenia rigida, Qualea grandiflora, Qualea parviflora, Vochysia tucanorum, Tapirira guianensis, Astronium fraxinifolium, Xylopia aromatica, and Mabea fistulifera. Thus, among the species found with the highest IVI can be classified as potential for the lease of matrix trees to subsidize the collection of seeds. Therefore, they have an effective size that allows the formation of new populations, from the collection of seeds in this area of legal reserve. In the progenies test mixed at 22 years, the high values observed for SOB (M. urundeuva – 88,0%, A. fraxinifolium – 85,9% and T. argentea – 59,6%) indicated a good adaptation of the Species and potential for use in reforestation. Estimates of the coefficient of genetic variation ranged from 3,03% to 49,50%, estimating the lowest value obtained for the DAP variable in the three species. The individual heritabilities ranged from low (0,14) for T. argentea, and high (> 0,40) for M. urundeuva and A. fraxinifolium on the DAP character. The sex ratio for both species was biased for males, with the general proportion being 1,5 males for 1 female. The effective population size varied according to the proportion of males and females, and the one that most approached the real value of reproductive individuals was Myracrodruon urundeuva. Therefore, the selection of individuals within progeny tests should not only consider the growth character (DBH), but also on the basis of the sex ratio and the effective population size for its future transformation into a Seedling Seed Orchard. The information obtained from this study is useful for the conservation and genetic improvement of the species, as well as for the selection of potential matrices for environmental restoration, which will be fundamental for ecological restoration in areas of the Bolsão Sul-mato-grossense.O fragmento florestal e os testes de progênies, com a função de auxiliar a conservação, reabilitação dos processos ecológicos e promover a conservação da biodiversidade, tem um papel importante nos processos de restauração de áreas degradadas e diminuir os efeitos negativos da destruição dos ambientes naturais. Este trabalho objetivou conhecer a estrutura populacional, distribuição espacial e tamanho efetivo de espécies arbóreas nativas presente em um fragmento florestal de cerrado, além de estimar a variabilidade genética num teste de progênies misto de Myracrodruon urundeuva; Terminalia argentea e Astronium fraxinifolium; a partir dos carácteres silviculturais em Selvíria – MS, com vistas de transformá-las em área para subsidiar coleta de sementes. No fragmento florestal foram mensurados e identificados 1187 indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm, que compõem o dossel arbóreo da floresta. Em uma área de 0,89 ha foram amostrados, pertencentes a 60 espécies distribuídas em 31 famílias, com destaque para a família Fabaceae com 11 espécies. O índice de ShannonWeaver apresentou um H’ = 2,98 nats ind-1 , o que pode ser considerado como uma diversidade média. As espécies de maior Índice de Valor de Importância (IVI) foram Copaifera landesdorffii, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Parapiptadenia rigida, Qualea grandiflora, Qualea parviflora, Vochysia tucanorum, Tapirira guianensis, Astronium fraxinifolium, Xylopia aromatica, e Mabea fistulifera. Assim, dentre as espécies encontradas com o maior IVI podem ser classificadas como potenciais para a locação de árvores matrizes para subsidiar a coleta de sementes. Portanto, dispõem de tamanho efetivo que permite a formação de novas populações, a partir da coleta de sementes nessa área de Reserva legal. No teste de progênies misto aos 22 anos, os valores altos observados para o caráter SOB (M. urundeuva - 88,0%, A. fraxinifolium – 85,9% e T. argentea - 59,6%), indicam boa adaptação das espécies em estudo e potencial para uso em reflorestamentos. As estimativas do coeficiente de variação genética oscilaram de 3,03% a 49,50%, estimando o menor valor obtidos para a variável DAP nas três espécies. As herdabilidades individuais variaram de baixa (0,14) para T. argentea, e alta (>0,40) para M. urundeuva e A. fraxinifolium no caráter DAP. A proporção sexual para as duas espécies foi tendenciosa para sexo masculino, sendo que a proporção geral foi de 1,5 machos para 1 fêmea. O tamanho efetivo populacional variou conforme a proporção de machos e fêmeas, sendo que o que mais se aproximou do valor real de indivíduos reprodutivos foi Myracrodruon urundeuva. Portanto, a seleção dos indivíduos dentro dos testes de progênies não deve considerar apenas o caráter de crescimento (DAP), mas também com base na proporção sexual e no tamanho efetivo populacional para a sua futura transformação em um Pomar de Sementes por Mudas. As informações obtidas com este estudo são úteis para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético das espécies, como também para seleção de matrizes potenciais para recuperação ambiental, o que será fundamental para restauração ecológica em áreas do Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense.Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Moraes, Mario Luiz Teixeira de [UNESP]Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Cambuim, José [UNESP]2017-06-30T14:29:58Z2017-06-30T14:29:58Z2017-05-02info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/15102100088836733004099079P19339164677717394porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESP2024-07-10T19:59:02Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/151021Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:23:32.108257Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
Forest fragments and progeny tests: options for the collection of seeds in native tree species Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
title Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
spellingShingle Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
Cambuim, José [UNESP]
Conservação ex-situ
Conservação in-situ
Tamanho efetivo
Melhoramento florestal
In situ conservation
Ex-situ conservation
Effective size
Forest improvement
title_short Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
title_full Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
title_fullStr Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
title_full_unstemmed Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
title_sort Fragmentos florestais e testes de progênies: opções para a coleta de sementes em espécies arbóreas nativas do Cerrado no Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense
author Cambuim, José [UNESP]
author_facet Cambuim, José [UNESP]
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Moraes, Mario Luiz Teixeira de [UNESP]
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Cambuim, José [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Conservação ex-situ
Conservação in-situ
Tamanho efetivo
Melhoramento florestal
In situ conservation
Ex-situ conservation
Effective size
Forest improvement
topic Conservação ex-situ
Conservação in-situ
Tamanho efetivo
Melhoramento florestal
In situ conservation
Ex-situ conservation
Effective size
Forest improvement
description The forest fragment and progeny tests, with the function of assisting conservation, rehabilitation of ecological processes and promoting biodiversity conservation, play an important role in the restoration of degraded areas and reduce the negative effects of the destruction of natural environments. This work aimed to know the population structure, spatial distribution and effective size of native tree species present in a cerrado forest fragment, besides estimating the genetic variability in a test of mixed progenies of Myracrodruon urundeuva; Terminalia argentea and Astronium fraxinifolium; from silvicultural characters in Selvíria - MS, with a view to transforming them into an area to subsidize seed collection. In the forest fragment were measured and identified 1187 individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm, which make up the arboreal forest canopy. In an area of 0,89 ha were sampled, belonging to 60 species distributed in 31 families, with emphasis on the Fabaceae family with 11 species. The Shannon-Weaver index showed a H '= 2,98 nats ind-1, which can be considered as a mean diversity. The species with the highest Import Value Index (IVI) were Copaifera landesdorffii, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Parapiptadenia rigida, Qualea grandiflora, Qualea parviflora, Vochysia tucanorum, Tapirira guianensis, Astronium fraxinifolium, Xylopia aromatica, and Mabea fistulifera. Thus, among the species found with the highest IVI can be classified as potential for the lease of matrix trees to subsidize the collection of seeds. Therefore, they have an effective size that allows the formation of new populations, from the collection of seeds in this area of legal reserve. In the progenies test mixed at 22 years, the high values observed for SOB (M. urundeuva – 88,0%, A. fraxinifolium – 85,9% and T. argentea – 59,6%) indicated a good adaptation of the Species and potential for use in reforestation. Estimates of the coefficient of genetic variation ranged from 3,03% to 49,50%, estimating the lowest value obtained for the DAP variable in the three species. The individual heritabilities ranged from low (0,14) for T. argentea, and high (> 0,40) for M. urundeuva and A. fraxinifolium on the DAP character. The sex ratio for both species was biased for males, with the general proportion being 1,5 males for 1 female. The effective population size varied according to the proportion of males and females, and the one that most approached the real value of reproductive individuals was Myracrodruon urundeuva. Therefore, the selection of individuals within progeny tests should not only consider the growth character (DBH), but also on the basis of the sex ratio and the effective population size for its future transformation into a Seedling Seed Orchard. The information obtained from this study is useful for the conservation and genetic improvement of the species, as well as for the selection of potential matrices for environmental restoration, which will be fundamental for ecological restoration in areas of the Bolsão Sul-mato-grossense.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017-06-30T14:29:58Z
2017-06-30T14:29:58Z
2017-05-02
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151021
000888367
33004099079P1
9339164677717394
url http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151021
identifier_str_mv 000888367
33004099079P1
9339164677717394
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language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
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reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
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