Aspectos socioeconômicos, indicadores de qualidade do leite e pesquisa de linhagens toxigênicas de Staphylococcus em propriedades de agricultura familiar de Botucatu, SP

• Autor(a) principal: Lavor, Ubirajara Leoncy de [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123861; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/12-06-2015/000830226.pdf
• topic: Agricultura familiar; Estafilococos; Enterotoxinas; Bovino de leite - Doenças; Leite - Qualidade; Mastite; Family farms

Dairy farming on family farms is critical for survival and maintenance of the rural worker. Bovine mastitis negatively impacts milk production and presents risks to public health. This study evaluated the quality of the milk from the family farm in the region of Botucatu-SP, the difficulties faced by producers, the mastitis etiology, and sensitivity profile of pathogens against antimicrobials. Also evaluated the presence of enterotoxin producing genes in isolated staphylococcal strains. Also aimed the recommendation of actions to improve the production, seeking the quality of the milk. A Socioeconomic questionnaire was applied to producers and individual milk samples were collected from the set of brasses of each property and from cows diagnosed with mastitis by California Mastitis Test (CMT). It was evaluated the levels of fat, protein, lactose, dried extract and nonfat dry extract, the total bacterial count (TBC) and the somatic cell count (SCC). Twenty one (21) properties were analyzed where it was found that the average of the farmers was 59 years. Only five of them (23.8%) had completed high school or higher, and none (0%) counted on veterinary advice. As for their facilities of milking parlor, only four (19.0%) had stables with concreted floor and four (19.0%) used mechanical milking system. As to the handling, only one (4.8%) performed pre-dipping correctly, none (0%) performed post-dipping, two (9.5%) used disposable paper for milking and only two producers (9.5%) used the CMT with periodicity. On the other hand, 15 producers (71.4%) stated that they used anti mastitis for treating the cows. Regarding the animals, 239 cows (average = 11.4 animals / property) were evaluated. The clinical mastitis was detected in only two cows (<1%), whereas 86 animals showed milk positive to CMT (35.9% of subclinical mastitis). One hundred seventy-seven (177) milk samples were cultured, on 55 (31.1%) of them it was identified staphylococci, on ...