Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/189169 |
Resumo: | Climate changes will increase the probability of drought, which is likely to dramatically increase tree mortality. The capacity of trees to withdraw water in deep soil layers is an important trait likely to account for tree survival over prolonged droughts. Our study aimed to gain insight into the maximum distance from the trunk where Eucalyptus fine roots take up water and mobile nutrients in deep sandy soils during dry periods. NO3 −-15N was injected in the soil at the end of the rainy season in commercial Eucalyptus stands planted with the same E. urophylla × E. grandis clone. The 15N tracer was applied in the middle of the inter-row (replicated in 3 plots): at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 6 m)at age 0.6 year, at 4 depths (from 0.1 to 9 m)at age 1.2 years, at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 12 m)at age 2.2 years, and at 6 depths (from 0.1 to 15 m)at age 6.4 years. δ15N was determined in leaves sampled in dominant and suppressed trees at different distances from each injection area, 4–5 months after NO3 −-15N injection (after the dry season). While dominant trees took up NO3 −-15N down to a depth of 6 m between 7 and 12 months after planting, the maximum depth of NO3 −-15N uptake for suppressed trees was between 3 and 4.5 m. From 1.5 to 6 years after planting, a foliar enrichment in 15N was mainly detected when the NO3 −-15N tracer was injected in the upper soil layers and only for a few trees at a depth of 6 m. Most of the uptake of 15N occurred within 2 m of horizontal distance from the injection site, whatever tree age and tree social status. Low amounts of NO3 −-15N were taken up for injection sites located between 2 m and 5 m from the trunk, and 15N uptake was never detected at horizontal distances greater than 6 m from the trunk. Eucalyptus fine roots can take up nitrates at depths between 6 and 8 m the first year after planting. However, the NO3 −-15N tracer injected at a depth of 6 m was only taken up by dominant trees and a 15N foliar enrichment of suppressed trees was only detected when the tracer was injected in the upper 3 m. Fertilizers must be applied within 2 m of the trunks in Eucalyptus plantations to be taken up by all trees, regardless of their social status. When fertilizations are concentrated the first months after planting in sandy soils, nutrient leaching in deep layers might increase the heterogeneity of the stands since mobile nutrients could only be taken up by dominant trees. |
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Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices15NBrazilEucalypt plantationsFine rootsNutrient uptakeWater uptakeClimate changes will increase the probability of drought, which is likely to dramatically increase tree mortality. The capacity of trees to withdraw water in deep soil layers is an important trait likely to account for tree survival over prolonged droughts. Our study aimed to gain insight into the maximum distance from the trunk where Eucalyptus fine roots take up water and mobile nutrients in deep sandy soils during dry periods. NO3 −-15N was injected in the soil at the end of the rainy season in commercial Eucalyptus stands planted with the same E. urophylla × E. grandis clone. The 15N tracer was applied in the middle of the inter-row (replicated in 3 plots): at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 6 m)at age 0.6 year, at 4 depths (from 0.1 to 9 m)at age 1.2 years, at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 12 m)at age 2.2 years, and at 6 depths (from 0.1 to 15 m)at age 6.4 years. δ15N was determined in leaves sampled in dominant and suppressed trees at different distances from each injection area, 4–5 months after NO3 −-15N injection (after the dry season). While dominant trees took up NO3 −-15N down to a depth of 6 m between 7 and 12 months after planting, the maximum depth of NO3 −-15N uptake for suppressed trees was between 3 and 4.5 m. From 1.5 to 6 years after planting, a foliar enrichment in 15N was mainly detected when the NO3 −-15N tracer was injected in the upper soil layers and only for a few trees at a depth of 6 m. Most of the uptake of 15N occurred within 2 m of horizontal distance from the injection site, whatever tree age and tree social status. Low amounts of NO3 −-15N were taken up for injection sites located between 2 m and 5 m from the trunk, and 15N uptake was never detected at horizontal distances greater than 6 m from the trunk. Eucalyptus fine roots can take up nitrates at depths between 6 and 8 m the first year after planting. However, the NO3 −-15N tracer injected at a depth of 6 m was only taken up by dominant trees and a 15N foliar enrichment of suppressed trees was only detected when the tracer was injected in the upper 3 m. Fertilizers must be applied within 2 m of the trunks in Eucalyptus plantations to be taken up by all trees, regardless of their social status. When fertilizations are concentrated the first months after planting in sandy soils, nutrient leaching in deep layers might increase the heterogeneity of the stands since mobile nutrients could only be taken up by dominant trees.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Faculdade de Ciências AgronômicasCIRAD UMR Eco&SolsEco&Sols CIRAD INRA IRD Montpellier SupAgro University of MontpellierESALQ Universidade de São PauloUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Centro de Isótopos EstáveisSuzano SA CompanyUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Faculdade de Ciências AgronômicasUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Centro de Isótopos EstáveisFAPESP: 2015/25946-0Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)UMR Eco&SolsUniversity of MontpellierUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)Suzano SA CompanyPinheiro, Rafael Costa [UNESP]Bouillet, Jean-PierreBordron, BrunoAló, Lívia Lanzi [UNESP]Costa, Vladimir Eliodoro [UNESP]Alvares, Clayton AlcardeMeersche, Karel Van denStape, José LuizGuerrini, Iraê Amaral [UNESP]Laclau, Jean-Paul [UNESP]2019-10-06T16:31:57Z2019-10-06T16:31:57Z2019-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article95-104http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011Forest Ecology and Management, v. 447, p. 95-104.0378-1127http://hdl.handle.net/11449/18916910.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.0112-s2.0-85066240310Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengForest Ecology and Managementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-04-11T17:47:19Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/189169Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-04-11T17:47:19Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
title |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
spellingShingle |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices Pinheiro, Rafael Costa [UNESP] 15N Brazil Eucalypt plantations Fine roots Nutrient uptake Water uptake |
title_short |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
title_full |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
title_fullStr |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
title_sort |
Distance from the trunk and depth of uptake of labelled nitrate for dominant and suppressed trees in Brazilian Eucalyptus plantations: Consequences for fertilization practices |
author |
Pinheiro, Rafael Costa [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Pinheiro, Rafael Costa [UNESP] Bouillet, Jean-Pierre Bordron, Bruno Aló, Lívia Lanzi [UNESP] Costa, Vladimir Eliodoro [UNESP] Alvares, Clayton Alcarde Meersche, Karel Van den Stape, José Luiz Guerrini, Iraê Amaral [UNESP] Laclau, Jean-Paul [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Bouillet, Jean-Pierre Bordron, Bruno Aló, Lívia Lanzi [UNESP] Costa, Vladimir Eliodoro [UNESP] Alvares, Clayton Alcarde Meersche, Karel Van den Stape, José Luiz Guerrini, Iraê Amaral [UNESP] Laclau, Jean-Paul [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) UMR Eco&Sols University of Montpellier Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Suzano SA Company |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pinheiro, Rafael Costa [UNESP] Bouillet, Jean-Pierre Bordron, Bruno Aló, Lívia Lanzi [UNESP] Costa, Vladimir Eliodoro [UNESP] Alvares, Clayton Alcarde Meersche, Karel Van den Stape, José Luiz Guerrini, Iraê Amaral [UNESP] Laclau, Jean-Paul [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
15N Brazil Eucalypt plantations Fine roots Nutrient uptake Water uptake |
topic |
15N Brazil Eucalypt plantations Fine roots Nutrient uptake Water uptake |
description |
Climate changes will increase the probability of drought, which is likely to dramatically increase tree mortality. The capacity of trees to withdraw water in deep soil layers is an important trait likely to account for tree survival over prolonged droughts. Our study aimed to gain insight into the maximum distance from the trunk where Eucalyptus fine roots take up water and mobile nutrients in deep sandy soils during dry periods. NO3 −-15N was injected in the soil at the end of the rainy season in commercial Eucalyptus stands planted with the same E. urophylla × E. grandis clone. The 15N tracer was applied in the middle of the inter-row (replicated in 3 plots): at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 6 m)at age 0.6 year, at 4 depths (from 0.1 to 9 m)at age 1.2 years, at 5 depths (from 0.1 to 12 m)at age 2.2 years, and at 6 depths (from 0.1 to 15 m)at age 6.4 years. δ15N was determined in leaves sampled in dominant and suppressed trees at different distances from each injection area, 4–5 months after NO3 −-15N injection (after the dry season). While dominant trees took up NO3 −-15N down to a depth of 6 m between 7 and 12 months after planting, the maximum depth of NO3 −-15N uptake for suppressed trees was between 3 and 4.5 m. From 1.5 to 6 years after planting, a foliar enrichment in 15N was mainly detected when the NO3 −-15N tracer was injected in the upper soil layers and only for a few trees at a depth of 6 m. Most of the uptake of 15N occurred within 2 m of horizontal distance from the injection site, whatever tree age and tree social status. Low amounts of NO3 −-15N were taken up for injection sites located between 2 m and 5 m from the trunk, and 15N uptake was never detected at horizontal distances greater than 6 m from the trunk. Eucalyptus fine roots can take up nitrates at depths between 6 and 8 m the first year after planting. However, the NO3 −-15N tracer injected at a depth of 6 m was only taken up by dominant trees and a 15N foliar enrichment of suppressed trees was only detected when the tracer was injected in the upper 3 m. Fertilizers must be applied within 2 m of the trunks in Eucalyptus plantations to be taken up by all trees, regardless of their social status. When fertilizations are concentrated the first months after planting in sandy soils, nutrient leaching in deep layers might increase the heterogeneity of the stands since mobile nutrients could only be taken up by dominant trees. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-06T16:31:57Z 2019-10-06T16:31:57Z 2019-09-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011 Forest Ecology and Management, v. 447, p. 95-104. 0378-1127 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/189169 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011 2-s2.0-85066240310 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/189169 |
identifier_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management, v. 447, p. 95-104. 0378-1127 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.011 2-s2.0-85066240310 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Forest Ecology and Management |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
95-104 |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799965688474894336 |