Qualidade microbiológica da água e histopatologia de brânquias de peixes provenientes de pisciculturas do município de itapecuru-mirim, Estado do Maranhão

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Débora Martins Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Outros Autores: Cruz, Cristiano Ferreira, Pereira, Dayane Pestana, Alves, Lúcia Maria Coelho, de Moraes, Flávio Ruas [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng; por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v34i2.8460; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/73282
• topic: Coliforms; Gill epithelium; Lesions; Tambacu; Tilapia; Water; animal tissue; bacterial infection; bacterium; Brazil; coliform bacterium; Colossoma macropomum; controlled study; dry season; edema; epithelium; Escherichia coli; fish; fish disease; gill; Gram negative bacterium; Gram positive bacterium; heterotropphic bacterium; histopathology; hyperplasia; inflammation; microbial diversity; microbiological water quality; nonhuman; Oreochromis niloticus; Piaractus mesopotamicus; pisciculture; rainy season; season; species difference; telangiectasia; tissue structure; water analysis; water contamination; water quality; water sampling; Posibacteria

The present study evaluated the microbiological water quality and tissue lesions in gills from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and hybrid tambacu (Colossoma macropomum female x Piaractus mesopotamicus male). For this, water and gills were collected from fish farming at six locations in Itapecuru- Mirim County, Maranhão State. Microbiological water analyses revealed contamination by total coliforms, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic bacteria. In the gills, we observed a diversity of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. The tissue lesions were: lamellar fusion, interlamellar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasia. Inflammatory lesions were not observed. Significant statistical difference (p > 0.05) was not detected when comparing different gills lesions during rainy and dry season. The correlation between lesion and pond type was statistically different (p < 0.05) for lamellar fusion and interlamellar hyperplasia which occurred more frequently at ground ponds. Regarding the frequency of lesions in the different fish species, there was statistical difference (p < 0.05), and the tambacu was more sensitive to lamellar fusion while tilapia was more sensitive for the other lesions. In relation to the sampling stations, there was statistical difference for all the gill lesions. In conclusion, tissue lesions are nonspecific and function as a defense mechanism against polluted aquatic environments, without infectious character.