Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358 |
Resumo: | Ectothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes. |
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Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakesThermal regimeEctothermicSnakesCorticosteroneInnate immunityHeterophil:lymphocyte ratioEctothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Fisiol, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilCNPq: 134635/2016-7CNPq: 306811/2015CNPq: 302308/2016-4FAPESP: 014/16320-7Company Biologists LtdUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]Madelaire, Carla B.Gomes, Fernando R.Andrade, Denis [UNESP]2020-12-10T19:42:05Z2020-12-10T19:42:05Z2019-11-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article8http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019.0022-0949http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19635810.1242/jeb.208645WOS:000499647100008Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengJournal Of Experimental Biologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T07:21:28Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/196358Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T22:28:23.474533Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
title |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
spellingShingle |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP] Thermal regime Ectothermic Snakes Corticosterone Innate immunity Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio |
title_short |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
title_full |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
title_fullStr |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
title_sort |
Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes |
author |
Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP] Madelaire, Carla B. Gomes, Fernando R. Andrade, Denis [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Madelaire, Carla B. Gomes, Fernando R. Andrade, Denis [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP] Madelaire, Carla B. Gomes, Fernando R. Andrade, Denis [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Thermal regime Ectothermic Snakes Corticosterone Innate immunity Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio |
topic |
Thermal regime Ectothermic Snakes Corticosterone Innate immunity Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio |
description |
Ectothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-11-01 2020-12-10T19:42:05Z 2020-12-10T19:42:05Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645 Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019. 0022-0949 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358 10.1242/jeb.208645 WOS:000499647100008 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358 |
identifier_str_mv |
Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019. 0022-0949 10.1242/jeb.208645 WOS:000499647100008 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal Of Experimental Biology |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
8 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Company Biologists Ltd |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Company Biologists Ltd |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129429479620608 |