Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2019
Outros Autores: Madelaire, Carla B., Gomes, Fernando R., Andrade, Denis [UNESP]
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358
Resumo: Ectothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes.
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spelling Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakesThermal regimeEctothermicSnakesCorticosteroneInnate immunityHeterophil:lymphocyte ratioEctothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Fisiol, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilCNPq: 134635/2016-7CNPq: 306811/2015CNPq: 302308/2016-4FAPESP: 014/16320-7Company Biologists LtdUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]Madelaire, Carla B.Gomes, Fernando R.Andrade, Denis [UNESP]2020-12-10T19:42:05Z2020-12-10T19:42:05Z2019-11-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article8http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019.0022-0949http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19635810.1242/jeb.208645WOS:000499647100008Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengJournal Of Experimental Biologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T07:21:28Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/196358Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T22:28:23.474533Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
title Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
spellingShingle Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]
Thermal regime
Ectothermic
Snakes
Corticosterone
Innate immunity
Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio
title_short Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
title_full Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
title_fullStr Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
title_full_unstemmed Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
title_sort Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes
author Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]
author_facet Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]
Madelaire, Carla B.
Gomes, Fernando R.
Andrade, Denis [UNESP]
author_role author
author2 Madelaire, Carla B.
Gomes, Fernando R.
Andrade, Denis [UNESP]
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Fabricio-Neto, Ailton [UNESP]
Madelaire, Carla B.
Gomes, Fernando R.
Andrade, Denis [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Thermal regime
Ectothermic
Snakes
Corticosterone
Innate immunity
Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio
topic Thermal regime
Ectothermic
Snakes
Corticosterone
Innate immunity
Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio
description Ectothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, as physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared with a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, plasma bacteria-killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone (CORT) levels in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30 degrees C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25 degrees C at night and 35 degrees C during the day. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels, indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L ratio was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low-intensity stressor. Our results suggest that removal from temperatures close to the snake's preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-11-01
2020-12-10T19:42:05Z
2020-12-10T19:42:05Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645
Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019.
0022-0949
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358
10.1242/jeb.208645
WOS:000499647100008
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.208645
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/196358
identifier_str_mv Journal Of Experimental Biology. Cambridge: Company Biologists Ltd, v. 222, n. 22, 8 p., 2019.
0022-0949
10.1242/jeb.208645
WOS:000499647100008
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal Of Experimental Biology
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 8
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Company Biologists Ltd
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Company Biologists Ltd
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Web of Science
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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