Caracterização do óleo de resíduo de frigorífico e produção de biodiesel utilizando catalisador de baixo custo à base de óxido de cálcio

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Maycon Tcharly Camilo [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/11449/256660
• topic: Resíduo de frigorifico,; Biodiesel; Catalisador; Casca de Ovo; Abattoir residue; Catalyst; Eggshell

The choice of using biofuels and other renewable energy sources has gradually increased over the past decade around the world, with the main aim of reducing pollutants emitted by petroleum and other fossil fuels. This work enables the production of biodiesel from a reaction that is efficient and balanced, aiming to reuse biomass that is generally discarded after treatment to prevent environmental damage. Chicken fat from slaughterhouse waste is a promising raw material for biodiesel, does not compete with food, and can be obtained on a large scale in Brazil, one of the world's largest poultry producers. The aim of this work was to produce biodiesel from chicken slaughterhouse waste oils using a low-cost catalyst produced from chicken eggshells. The reactions were conducted in a batch reactor. The density of the slaughterhouse waste oil is approximately 918 kg/m³, which is close to that of soybean oil, which has an approximate density of 920 kg/m³, favoring the conversion to biodiesel and the final product quality. With an average viscosity of 10.37 mm²/s, considered very low compared to other oils such as soybean oil which has a viscosity of 63.5 mm²/s, it facilitates the conversion of fatty acids, as oils with high viscosity hinder the reaction. The acidity index of slaughterhouse waste oil is 19.60%, lower than that of soybean oil, which has an acidity of approximately 0.05%, an index that improves the quality of biodiesel; however, in the study conducted, having high acidity does not negatively affect the product due to the heterogeneous reaction. The variation in the catalyst concentration had a significant impact: increasing from 3% to 5% reduced the biodiesel yield, indicating that a lower amount of catalyst is more efficient.