Fragmentos Florestais Urbanos: Importância, Ameaças e Desafios

• Autor(a) principal: Fernandes, Maria Emília de Lima
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/234658
• topic: Socioeconomic factors; Urban environment; Forest fragments; Environmental services; Fatores socioeconômicos; Meio urbano; Fragmentos florestais; Serviços ambientais

The present study has as its central theme the Urban Forest Fragments - UFFs, considering as such the Conservation Units, Permanent Preservation Areas, and Green Areas located in an urban matrix. These fragments (all located in urban areas but given different names according to their purposes of use) are crucial for the local ecological balance, but still little studied and usually targets of attacks by new modalities and versions of laws and regulations labeled as ecological or sustainable, but which basically aim to facilitate the process of vegetation suppression to the detriment of the expansion of the urban matrix and other casuistic interests. As the main objective of the study, it was sought to point out the importance of conservation and maintenance of UFFs, the socioeconomic relevance of these areas, as well as the main threats and challenges related to their perpetuation within the urban environment. For that, referenced bibliography, legislations applied to the subject were used, as well as a SWOT analysis (acronym in English which, in Portuguese, means Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). As a result, the functionalities – in the form of ecosystem services – of urban forest fragments were highlighted, and how these can help to mitigate typical urban problems, such as heat islands, floods, atmospheric pollution, noise, among others. In addition, the social and economic benefits promoted by these remnants were pointed out, such as the generation of employment, income from tourism, and the promotion of environmental education. As a way of summarizing the main difficulties and virtues (both internally and externally) related to these areas, a framework was prepared in the form of SWOT analysis. We can conclude that, despite the efforts that have already been made on the subject, much remains to be done in relation to the protection of UFFs, especially in times when the advance of urbanization and, consequently, of vegetation suppression, are taking place.