Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176498 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/162790 |
Resumo: | We report the rediscovery of the exceedingly rarely collected and enigmatic fungus-farming ant species Mycetosoritis asper. Since the description of the type specimen in 1887, only four additional specimens are known to have been added to the world's insect collections. Its biology is entirely unknown and its phylogenetic position within the fungus-farming ants has remained puzzling due to its aberrant morphology. In 2014 we excavated and collected twenty-one colonies of M. asper in the Floresta Nacional de Chapeco A in Santa Catarina, Brazil. We describe here for the first time the male and larva of the species and complement the previous descriptions of both the queen and the worker. We describe, also for the first time, M. asper biology, nest architecture, and colony demographics, and identify its fungal cultivar. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that both M. asper and M. clorindae are members of the genus Cyphomyrmex, which we show to be paraphyletic as currently defined. More precisely, M. asper is a member of the Cyphomyrmex strigatus group, which we also show to be paraphyletic with respect to the genus Mycetophylax. Based on these results, and in the interest of taxonomic stability, we transfer the species M. asper, M. clorindae, and all members of the C. strigatus group to the genus Mycetophylax, the oldest available name for this clade. Based on ITS sequence data, Mycetophylax asper practices lower agriculture, cultivating a fungal species that belongs to lower-attine fungal Clade 2, subclade F. |
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Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in antsWe report the rediscovery of the exceedingly rarely collected and enigmatic fungus-farming ant species Mycetosoritis asper. Since the description of the type specimen in 1887, only four additional specimens are known to have been added to the world's insect collections. Its biology is entirely unknown and its phylogenetic position within the fungus-farming ants has remained puzzling due to its aberrant morphology. In 2014 we excavated and collected twenty-one colonies of M. asper in the Floresta Nacional de Chapeco A in Santa Catarina, Brazil. We describe here for the first time the male and larva of the species and complement the previous descriptions of both the queen and the worker. We describe, also for the first time, M. asper biology, nest architecture, and colony demographics, and identify its fungal cultivar. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that both M. asper and M. clorindae are members of the genus Cyphomyrmex, which we show to be paraphyletic as currently defined. More precisely, M. asper is a member of the Cyphomyrmex strigatus group, which we also show to be paraphyletic with respect to the genus Mycetophylax. Based on these results, and in the interest of taxonomic stability, we transfer the species M. asper, M. clorindae, and all members of the C. strigatus group to the genus Mycetophylax, the oldest available name for this clade. Based on ITS sequence data, Mycetophylax asper practices lower agriculture, cultivating a fungal species that belongs to lower-attine fungal Clade 2, subclade F.National Science Foundation (NSF)National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) Small Grants programSmithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies ProgramNMNH Peter Buck Predoctoral FellowshipsMax and Vera Britton Environmental Science Awards (Cosmos Club Foundation)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Rochester, Dept Biol, Rochester, NY 14627 USASmithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USAUniv Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USAUniv Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudos Insetos Sociais, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudos Insetos Sociais, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilNational Science Foundation (NSF): DEB-1456964National Science Foundation (NSF): DEB-0949689FAPESP: 2011/50226-0CNPq: 311562/2012-4CNPq: 487639/2012-0CNPq: 302588/2015-9Public Library ScienceUniv RochesterSmithsonian InstUniv MarylandUniversidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Sosa-Calvo, JeffreyJesovnik, AnaVasconcelos, Heraldo L.Bacci, Mauricio [UNESP]Schultz, Ted R.2018-11-26T17:31:24Z2018-11-26T17:31:24Z2017-05-10info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article29application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176498Plos One. San Francisco: Public Library Science, v. 12, n. 5, 29 p., 2017.1932-6203http://hdl.handle.net/11449/16279010.1371/journal.pone.0176498WOS:000401314100024WOS000401314100024.pdfWeb of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPlos One1,164info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-04-11T14:57:11Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/162790Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-04-11T14:57:11Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
title |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
spellingShingle |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey |
title_short |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
title_full |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
title_fullStr |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
title_sort |
Rediscovery of the enigmatic fungus-farming ant Mycetosoritis asper Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Implications for taxonomy, phylogeny, and the evolution of agriculture in ants |
author |
Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey |
author_facet |
Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey Jesovnik, Ana Vasconcelos, Heraldo L. Bacci, Mauricio [UNESP] Schultz, Ted R. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Jesovnik, Ana Vasconcelos, Heraldo L. Bacci, Mauricio [UNESP] Schultz, Ted R. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Univ Rochester Smithsonian Inst Univ Maryland Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey Jesovnik, Ana Vasconcelos, Heraldo L. Bacci, Mauricio [UNESP] Schultz, Ted R. |
description |
We report the rediscovery of the exceedingly rarely collected and enigmatic fungus-farming ant species Mycetosoritis asper. Since the description of the type specimen in 1887, only four additional specimens are known to have been added to the world's insect collections. Its biology is entirely unknown and its phylogenetic position within the fungus-farming ants has remained puzzling due to its aberrant morphology. In 2014 we excavated and collected twenty-one colonies of M. asper in the Floresta Nacional de Chapeco A in Santa Catarina, Brazil. We describe here for the first time the male and larva of the species and complement the previous descriptions of both the queen and the worker. We describe, also for the first time, M. asper biology, nest architecture, and colony demographics, and identify its fungal cultivar. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that both M. asper and M. clorindae are members of the genus Cyphomyrmex, which we show to be paraphyletic as currently defined. More precisely, M. asper is a member of the Cyphomyrmex strigatus group, which we also show to be paraphyletic with respect to the genus Mycetophylax. Based on these results, and in the interest of taxonomic stability, we transfer the species M. asper, M. clorindae, and all members of the C. strigatus group to the genus Mycetophylax, the oldest available name for this clade. Based on ITS sequence data, Mycetophylax asper practices lower agriculture, cultivating a fungal species that belongs to lower-attine fungal Clade 2, subclade F. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-10 2018-11-26T17:31:24Z 2018-11-26T17:31:24Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176498 Plos One. San Francisco: Public Library Science, v. 12, n. 5, 29 p., 2017. 1932-6203 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/162790 10.1371/journal.pone.0176498 WOS:000401314100024 WOS000401314100024.pdf |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176498 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/162790 |
identifier_str_mv |
Plos One. San Francisco: Public Library Science, v. 12, n. 5, 29 p., 2017. 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0176498 WOS:000401314100024 WOS000401314100024.pdf |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Plos One 1,164 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
29 application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library Science |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library Science |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799965058872115200 |