Diagnóstico e avaliação ambiental das nascentes da Serra dos Matões, município de Pedro II, Piauí

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Érico Rodrigues [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139401; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/11-05-2016/000864140.pdf
• topic: Ecology; Ecologia; Agua - Conservação; Água - Abastecimento; Proteção ambiental; Bacias hidrograficas; Nascentes; Geoprocessamento; Piaui

The Pedro II municipality, 195 km far from Teresina, Piauí, is situated in the foothills of the Matões Mountains, forming a water divider of the Longá river watershed (water spring of the Corrente, Matos, Caldeirão and Piracuruca rivers) and Poti (water springs of Capivara and Parafuso rivers). This area is the recharge zone of the Cabeças aquifer which has high water production with insurgents mechanisms, responsible for supply of many villages. Due to its local importance, and the need for its preservation, that's why this study has as objective, to make the diagnosis and assessment of environmental impacts on water springs found in the surroundings of the Matões mountains. The field trips were preceded by the acquisition and processing of satellite images, maps and literature review. The diagnosis came from in loco observations, along with a photo documentary, between the years of 2012 to February 2015, with 525 described points in 64 water springs. In the laboratory stage was carried out processing of data obtained during the previous step, with production of maps and data integration. The analysis and environmental assessment were based on the methods of Listing Control, Matrix of aspects x results, and an unprecedented proposal of macroscopic environmental assessment of water springs. As a result, were identified 18 activities causing 57 environmental impacts, enabling the characterization of water resources, soil, topography, climate, air quality and noise, fauna, flora, infrastructure, standard of living, culture and economy. The water springs Environmental Quality Index shows that 45% of the studied water springs are evaluated as Preserved, 52% moderately preserved and 3% as degraded. This data set allowed the proposition of a project of environmental recovery and preservation of water springs, considering the involvement of various social actors, use and occupation of soil, restriction of installation of potentially...