Produção e aplicação de ramnolipídios produzidos por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI 2A1

• Autor(a) principal: Ceccato, Heloise Dugolin [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/118627
• topic: Resíduos; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Ceramica - Indústria - Resíduos; Biossurfactantes; Metais pesados; Solos - Poluição; Solos - Remediação

The environmental problem related to the contamination of soils and effluents by heavy metals from various activities leads to the development of researches aiming at less impactful ways to remove these metals. Rhamnolipids application produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains shows advantages in this respect, since several researches indicate that this biosurfactant can get better results than commercial surfactants. As the production costs of this bioproduct are high, its applications are often limited to the noblest purposes. Therefore, in order to reduce costs, the present study tested the production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizing used waste cooking oil from UNESP Rio Claro’s University Restaurant as a carbon source. The biosurfactant produced was applied to remove heavy metals as lead, copper, nickel and zinc from residual soils of ceramic activity arising from Região dos Lagos (the Lakes Region), in Santa Gertrudes, state of São Paulo. Soil washing experiments were carried out on rotary shakers using rhamnolipids at initial concentrations of 0.5 g/L and 1.0 g/L, as well as cell-free resulting from fermentation, on pH values 8,0 and 9,0. Results were compared to the application of commercial surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Higher percentages of removal occurred with cell-free broth at pH 8,0, corresponding to 5.505%, 1.268%, 1.245% and 0.843%, respectively for lead, copper, zinc and nickel. The use of cell-free broth has economic advantages, as it is not necessary to perform the rhamnolipid extraction, step encumbering the process. In some cases, removal percentages using SDS were lower than with cell-free broth and rhamnolipids solution, reaching the maximum value of 0.115% for lead, which draws attention to the competitive advantage of biosurfactant instead of SDS, besides environmental advantages. Although the results are favorable, further researches are needed to improve this methodology in...