Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010152 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/195161 |
Resumo: | In order to meet the increasing capacity requirements, network operators are extending their optical infrastructure closer to the end-user while making more efficient use of the resources. In this context, long reach passive optical networks (LR-PONs) are attracting increasing attention.Coherent LR-PONs based on high speed digital signal processors represent a high potential alternative because, alongside with the inherent mixing gain and the possibility of amplitude and phase diversity formats, they pave the way to compensate linear impairments in a more efficient way than in traditional direct detection systems. The performance of coherent LR-PONs is then limited by the combined effect of noise and nonlinear distortion. The noise is particularly critical in single channel systems where, in addition to the the elevated fibre loss, the splitting losses should be considered. In such systems, Kerr induced self-phase modulation emerges as the main limitation to the maximum capacity. In this work, we propose a novel clustering algorithm, denominated histogram based clustering (HBC), that employs the spatial density of the points of a 2D histogram to identify the borders of high density areas to classify nonlinearly distorted noisy constellations. Simulation results reveal that for a 100 km long LR-PON with a 1:64 splitting ratio, at optimum power levels, HBC presents a Q-factor 0.57 dB higher than maximum likelihood and 0.21 dB higher than k-means. In terms of nonlinear tolerance, at a BER of 2x10(-3), our method achieves a gain of similar to 2.5 dB and similar to 1.25 dB over maximum likelihood and k-means, respectively. Numerical results also show that the proposed method can operate over blocks as small as 2500 symbols. |
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Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networkspassive optical networksnonlinear compensationclusteringIn order to meet the increasing capacity requirements, network operators are extending their optical infrastructure closer to the end-user while making more efficient use of the resources. In this context, long reach passive optical networks (LR-PONs) are attracting increasing attention.Coherent LR-PONs based on high speed digital signal processors represent a high potential alternative because, alongside with the inherent mixing gain and the possibility of amplitude and phase diversity formats, they pave the way to compensate linear impairments in a more efficient way than in traditional direct detection systems. The performance of coherent LR-PONs is then limited by the combined effect of noise and nonlinear distortion. The noise is particularly critical in single channel systems where, in addition to the the elevated fibre loss, the splitting losses should be considered. In such systems, Kerr induced self-phase modulation emerges as the main limitation to the maximum capacity. In this work, we propose a novel clustering algorithm, denominated histogram based clustering (HBC), that employs the spatial density of the points of a 2D histogram to identify the borders of high density areas to classify nonlinearly distorted noisy constellations. Simulation results reveal that for a 100 km long LR-PON with a 1:64 splitting ratio, at optimum power levels, HBC presents a Q-factor 0.57 dB higher than maximum likelihood and 0.21 dB higher than k-means. In terms of nonlinear tolerance, at a BER of 2x10(-3), our method achieves a gain of similar to 2.5 dB and similar to 1.25 dB over maximum likelihood and k-means, respectively. Numerical results also show that the proposed method can operate over blocks as small as 2500 symbols.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)EU Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation ProgrammeScience Foundation of IrelandEuropean Regional Development FundState Univ Sao Paulo, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, BrazilDublin City Univ, Radio & Opt Commun Lab, Dublin, IrelandHuawei Technol Duesseldorf GmbH, European Res Ctr, D-40549 Munich, GermanyUniv Estadual Campinas, Sch Elect Engn, BR-13083852 Campinas, BrazilUniv Fed ABC, Engn Modeling & Appl Sociol Ctr, BR-09210580 Sao Paulo, BrazilPontifical Catholic Univ Campinas, Sch Elect Engn, BR-13087571 Campinas, BrazilState Univ Sao Paulo, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, BrazilEU Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme: 713567European Regional Development Fund: 13/RC/2077MdpiUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Dublin City UnivHuawei Technol Duesseldorf GmbHUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)Aldaya, Ivan [UNESP]Giacoumidis, EliasOliveira, Geraldo de [UNESP]Wei, JinlongPita, Julian LeonelMarconi, Jorge DiegoMello Fagotto, Eric AlbertoBarry, LiamFrancisco Abbade, Marcelo Luis [UNESP]2020-12-10T17:06:37Z2020-12-10T17:06:37Z2020-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article14http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010152Applied Sciences-basel. Basel: Mdpi, v. 10, n. 1, 14 p., 2020.http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19516110.3390/app10010152WOS:000509398900152Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengApplied Sciences-baselinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-22T20:28:52Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/195161Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T13:42:29.547323Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
title |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
spellingShingle |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks Aldaya, Ivan [UNESP] passive optical networks nonlinear compensation clustering |
title_short |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
title_full |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
title_fullStr |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
title_sort |
Histogram Based Clustering for Nonlinear Compensation in Long Reach Coherent Passive Optical Networks |
author |
Aldaya, Ivan [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Aldaya, Ivan [UNESP] Giacoumidis, Elias Oliveira, Geraldo de [UNESP] Wei, Jinlong Pita, Julian Leonel Marconi, Jorge Diego Mello Fagotto, Eric Alberto Barry, Liam Francisco Abbade, Marcelo Luis [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Giacoumidis, Elias Oliveira, Geraldo de [UNESP] Wei, Jinlong Pita, Julian Leonel Marconi, Jorge Diego Mello Fagotto, Eric Alberto Barry, Liam Francisco Abbade, Marcelo Luis [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Dublin City Univ Huawei Technol Duesseldorf GmbH Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Aldaya, Ivan [UNESP] Giacoumidis, Elias Oliveira, Geraldo de [UNESP] Wei, Jinlong Pita, Julian Leonel Marconi, Jorge Diego Mello Fagotto, Eric Alberto Barry, Liam Francisco Abbade, Marcelo Luis [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
passive optical networks nonlinear compensation clustering |
topic |
passive optical networks nonlinear compensation clustering |
description |
In order to meet the increasing capacity requirements, network operators are extending their optical infrastructure closer to the end-user while making more efficient use of the resources. In this context, long reach passive optical networks (LR-PONs) are attracting increasing attention.Coherent LR-PONs based on high speed digital signal processors represent a high potential alternative because, alongside with the inherent mixing gain and the possibility of amplitude and phase diversity formats, they pave the way to compensate linear impairments in a more efficient way than in traditional direct detection systems. The performance of coherent LR-PONs is then limited by the combined effect of noise and nonlinear distortion. The noise is particularly critical in single channel systems where, in addition to the the elevated fibre loss, the splitting losses should be considered. In such systems, Kerr induced self-phase modulation emerges as the main limitation to the maximum capacity. In this work, we propose a novel clustering algorithm, denominated histogram based clustering (HBC), that employs the spatial density of the points of a 2D histogram to identify the borders of high density areas to classify nonlinearly distorted noisy constellations. Simulation results reveal that for a 100 km long LR-PON with a 1:64 splitting ratio, at optimum power levels, HBC presents a Q-factor 0.57 dB higher than maximum likelihood and 0.21 dB higher than k-means. In terms of nonlinear tolerance, at a BER of 2x10(-3), our method achieves a gain of similar to 2.5 dB and similar to 1.25 dB over maximum likelihood and k-means, respectively. Numerical results also show that the proposed method can operate over blocks as small as 2500 symbols. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-12-10T17:06:37Z 2020-12-10T17:06:37Z 2020-01-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010152 Applied Sciences-basel. Basel: Mdpi, v. 10, n. 1, 14 p., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/195161 10.3390/app10010152 WOS:000509398900152 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010152 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/195161 |
identifier_str_mv |
Applied Sciences-basel. Basel: Mdpi, v. 10, n. 1, 14 p., 2020. 10.3390/app10010152 WOS:000509398900152 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Applied Sciences-basel |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
14 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128268812943360 |